s ʿ r
24 lemmas · 7 languages
soundAll three consonants are regularT Job.40.6
Themes:hair·6price·3visitation·2single·2action·2
POS shape:noun·19verb·2adj·2name·1
This root is attested across 7 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*s-ʿ-rProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Canaanite
Hebrewסַעַרס ע ר— gale
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicסעראס ע ר— hair
Syriacܣܥܪܐܣ ܥ ܪ— visitation
Assyrian NAܣܵܥܹܪܣ ܥ ܪ— to visit a bedridden person
Turoyoܣܥܪܐܣ ܥ ܪ— hair
Arabic
Arabicسِعْرس ع ر— price
South Semitic
Ethio-Semitic
Tigrinyaሳዕሪሰ ዐ ረ— grass
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Imperial Aramaic
arc · 1 lemma- hair
Classical Syriac
syc · 3 lemmas- visitationFrom the root ܣ ܥ ܪ related to visiting.
- visitation, visitingFrom the root ܣ ܥ ܪ related to visiting. The sense of "action" is a calque of Ancient Greek πρᾶγμα (prâgma).
- single hairFrom Proto-Semitic. Compare Akkadian 𒋠 (šārtu [SÍK]), Arabic شَعْرَة (šaʕra), Hebrew שַׂעֲרָה (śaʿărâ), and Ugaritic 𐎌𐎓𐎗𐎚 (šʿrt, “wool”).
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
aii · 7 lemmas- to visit a bedridden personInherited from Aramaic [Term?]. The fifth definition is a Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac, itself a calque of Ancient Greek πρᾶγμα (prâgma).
- hair (collection on head)Inherited from Aramaic סַעְרָא (saʿrā), from Proto-Semitic *śaʕr-; compare Arabic شَعْر (šaʕr), Hebrew שֵׂעָר (se'ár) and Akkadian 𒊬𒌈 (šārtum). Largely displaced by ܟܲܘܣܵܐ (kawsā), where it then became reserved for goat or horse hair. The first sense then is a semantic loan from Classical Syriac.
▸ 4 derivations
- derivedܣܥܲܪܬܵܐsˁartā
- derivedܣܲܥܪܵܢܵܐsaˁrānā
- derivedܡܝܲܒ݂ܫܵܢ ܣܲܥܪܵܐmyaḇšān saˁrā
- derivedܙܵܩܝܼܦܲܬ݂ ܣܲܥܪܵܐzāqīpaṯ saˁrā
- action, activity; deed, workFrom the verb ܣܵܥܹܪ (sāˁēr) of the noun pattern 1u23ānā. With the original sense of “visitation” later coming to mean “action" as a calque of Ancient Greek πρᾶγμα (prâgma).
▸ 6 derivations
- derivedܗܘܼܦܵܟ݂ ܣܘܼܥܪܵܢܵܐhūpāḵ suˁrānā
- derivedܣܘܼܥܪ̈ܵܢܹܐ ܕܫܠܝܼ̈ܚܹܐsuˁrānē dšlīḥē
- derivedܣܘܼܥܪ̈ܵܢܹܐ ܠܘܼܕܵܪ̈ܵܝܹܐsuˁrānē lūdārāyē
- derivedܣܘܼܥܪܵܢܵܐ ܟܸܣܦܵܢܵܝܵܐsuˁrānā kispānāyā
- derivedܣܘܼܥܪܵܢܵܝܵܐsuˁrānāyā
- derivedܫܸܡ ܣܘܼܥܪܵܢܵܐšim suˁrānā
- execution, operation, completion, actionܡܸܣܬܲܥܪܵܢܵܐ (mistaˁrānā, literally “that which is undertaken, made to occur”) + -ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (-ūṯā, the abstract noun ending).
- plural of ܣܥܵܪܬܵܐ (sˁārtā); barleySee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
- single hair, strand of hairDerived from ܣܲܥܪܵܐ (saˁrā, “hair”); cognate to Akkadian 𒋠 (šārtu [SÍK]), Arabic شَعْرَة (šaʕra), Hebrew שַׂעֲרָה (sa'ará), and Ugaritic 𐎌𐎓𐎗𐎚 (šʿrt, “wool”).
- grain of barleyCompare Arabic شَعِير (šaʕīr) and Hebrew שְׂעוֹרָה (se'orá).
Hebrew
he · 3 lemmas- gale
▸ 1 derivation
- derivedרוֹבֵה סַעַרróve sá'ar
- agitated
- storm
Arabic
ar · 8 lemmas- priceCompare Hebrew שער (shá'ar).
- to price, to set a priceCompare Hebrew שער (shá'ar).
- fervency; rageFrom the root س ع ر (s ʕ r). For the semantic extension, compare with German Heißhunger (literally, "hot-hunger").
- blazeBelongs to the root س ع ر (s ʕ r). Compare Hebrew סער (sá'ar, “storm, tempest”).
- voracious hunger
- SeirFrom Hebrew שעיר.
- plural of سِعْر (siʕr)
- crazyDerived from the passive participle of the verb سَعَرَ (saʕara).
Tigrinya
ti · 1 lemma- grass
Turoyo
tru · 1 lemma- hair