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s b r

39 lemmas · 9 languages
soundAll three consonants are regular𐡀 tg. Jer. Gen 3:9
Themes:hope·6break·4countenance·3name· اِسْم · שֵׁם·3towards·2
POS shape:noun·23verb·9name·3adj·2adv·1root·1

This root is attested across 9 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.

Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family

*s-b-rProto-Semitic
East Semitic
Akkadianšebērums b r— to break, fracture
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Canaanite
Hebrewהֶסְבֵּרס ב ר— explanation
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicסְבַרס ב ר— to show a bright face towards, to be favourable towards
Syriacܣܒܪܐܣ ܒ ܪ— hope
Assyrian NAܣܵܒ݂ܹܪܣ ܒ ܪ— to trust
Arabic
Arabicسَبَرَس ب ر— to probe into (a hole, like a well) so as to measure its depth; to gauge; to sound
South Semitic
Ethio-Semitic
Ge'ezሰበረሰ በ ረ— to break
Amharicሰበረሰ በ ረ— to break, to destroy
Tigrinyaሰበረሰ በ ረ— to break

Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.

Akkadian

akk · 2 lemmas
  • verbinferredWiktionary ↗
    to break, fracture
    From Proto-Semitic *ṯabar- (“to break”). Cognate with Arabic ثَبَرَ (ṯabara) and Biblical Hebrew שָׁבַר (šɔḇar).
  • nouninferredWiktionary ↗
    rump, bottom, rear, buttocks, rectum, anus
    From Proto-Semitic *ŝVbVr- (“hind parts”). Cognate with Ugaritic 𐎌𐎁𐎗 (šbr, “anus”) and Tigre ሽብር (šəbər, “rump”).

Imperial Aramaic

arc · 8 lemmas
  • sḇarverbinferred𐡀 tg. Jer. Gen 3:9Wiktionary ↗
    to show a bright face towards, to be favourable towards
    Compare with Arabic سَبَرَ (sabara, “to search, to probe”), from an Aramaic borrowing.
  • sḇarnouninferred𐡀 tg. Jer. Gen 3:9Wiktionary ↗
    absolute state of סַבְרָא (saḇrā, “hope”)
    Compare with Arabic سَبَرَ (sabara, “to search, to probe”), from an Aramaic borrowing.
  • sḇārnouninferred𐡀 tg. Jer. Gen 3:9Wiktionary ↗
    absolute state of סְבָרָא (sḇārā, “perspicacity, discernment; countenance”)
    Compare with Arabic سَبَرَ (sabara, “to search, to probe”), from an Aramaic borrowing.
  • sāḇarnouninferred𐡀 tg. Jer. Gen 3:9Wiktionary ↗
    absolute state of סָבְרָא (sāḇərā, “teacher, scholar”)
    Compare with Arabic سَبَرَ (sabara, “to search, to probe”), from an Aramaic borrowing.
  • saḇrānouninferredWiktionary ↗
    hope; trust, confidence
  • seḇrānouninferredWiktionary ↗
    consideration, regard, belief, conjecture, supposition, opinion
  • sḇārānouninferredWiktionary ↗
    perspicacity, discernment; countenance
  • sāḇərānouninferredWiktionary ↗
    fine teacher, scholar

Classical Syriac

syc · 2 lemmas
  • nounattestedWiktionary ↗
    hope
    From the root ܣ ܒ ܪ related to believing. Compare Hebrew סֵבֶר (sḗḇer).
  • nounattestedWiktionary ↗
    food, sustenance

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

aii · 8 lemmas
  • sāḇērverbattestedWiktionary ↗
    to trust
    From Aramaic סְבַר (sḇar); cognate with Arabic سَبَرَ (sabara, “to search, to probe”), from an Aramaic borrowing.
  • saḇrānounattestedWiktionary ↗
    hope
    Inherited from Aramaic סַבְרָא (saḇrā); related to Hebrew סֵבֶר (séver).
    ▸ 1 derivation
  • saḇrānameattestedWiktionary ↗
    a male given name
    Inherited from Aramaic סַבְרָא (saḇrā); related to Hebrew סֵבֶר (séver).
  • bsaḇrāadvattestedWiktionary ↗
    to hope (with ܕ- (d-))
    ▸ 1 derivation
  • sḇīrāadjattestedWiktionary ↗
    past participle of ܣܵܒ݂ܹܪ (sāḇēr); anticipated, expected
  • saḇrōnameinferredWiktionary ↗
    a male given name, diminutive of ܣܲܒ݂ܪܝܼܫܘܿܥ (saḇrīšōˁ, “Sabrisho; my hope is Jesus”)
    Diminutive and nickname of ܣܲܒ݂ܪܝܼܫܘܿܥ (saḇrīšōˁ, “Sabrisho; my hope is Jesus”) + -ܘܿ (-ō).
  • s b rrootinferredWiktionary ↗
    forming words pertaining to trusting
    Compare Hebrew ס־ב־ר (s-b-r) and Arabic س ب ر (s b r)
  • saḇrīnānameinferredWiktionary ↗
    a female given name, equivalent to English Sabrina
    Neologism proposed by Jacqueline Gorgis Sewdin, from ܣܲܒ݂ܪܵܐ (saḇrā, “hope”) + English -ina or French -ine, based on English Sabrina by similar sound and not by etymology or meaning.

Hebrew

he · 8 lemmas

Arabic

ar · 6 lemmas
  • sabaraverbattestedWiktionary ↗
    to probe into (a hole, like a well) so as to measure its depth; to gauge; to sound
    From Aramaic סְבַר (sḇar) in a very narrow meaning, apparently only back-formed from سِبَار (sibār), مِسْبَار (misbār), مِسْبَر (misbar, “probe”).
  • sabbūranounattestedWiktionary ↗
    slate; blackboard; whiteboard; any display board whose content can be disposed of, commonly by erasure e.g. flip-charts, electronic and interactive whiteboards ...etc.
    From سَبَرَ (sabara) meaning to examine or probe a wound, to clean out a wound, to refresh it or to clean off purulent material, to express uncleanly substances or to attempt to release an illness through bloodletting, to wipe down or wipe off filth, to purify or clear up especially a surface like the skin around a…
  • sabrnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    verbal noun of سَبَر (sabar) (form I), probing, prodding
  • kusbarnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    alternative form of كُزْبَرَة (kuzbara)
  • sāybūrḡnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    a cyborg
  • sūbarmārkitnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    supermarket
    Borrowed from English supermarket.

Ge'ez

gez · 1 lemma
  • säbäräverbinferredWiktionary ↗
    to break
    From Proto-Semitic *ṯabar- (“to break”).

Amharic

am · 1 lemma
  • säbbäräverbinferredWiktionary ↗
    to break, to destroy
    From Proto-Semitic *ṯabar- (“to break”).

Tigrinya

ti · 3 lemmas
  • säbäräverbinferredWiktionary ↗
    to break
    From Proto-Semitic *ṯabar- (“to break”).
  • məsbarverbinferredWiktionary ↗
    infinitive of ሰበረ (säbärä)
  • sänbätnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    Sunday

Related rootsshare 2 of 3 consonants with s-b-r

Compare two languages side-by-side

akk ↔ arcakk ↔ sycakk ↔ aiiakk ↔ heakk ↔ ar