b ʿ r
18 lemmas · 7 languages
soundAll three consonants are regularT Gen.36.32
Themes:burn·3dung·3sheep· خَرُوف · כֶּבֶשׂ·2ordure·2cloven·2
POS shape:noun·9verb·8name·1
This root is attested across 7 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*b-ʿ-rProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Canaanite
Hebrewבְּעֹרב ע ר— a male given name, Beor
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicבערב ע ר— burn
Assyrian NAܡܒܲܪܒܸܪܒ ܥ ܪ— to bleat (of sheep)
Arabic
Arabicبَعَرَب ع ر— to void dung, to evacuate, to throw out ordure (said of a cloven-hoofed beast)
South Semitic
Ethio-Semitic
Ge'ezብዕራይበ ዐ ረ— ox, buffalo
Amharicብዕርበ ዐ ረ— pen
Tigrinyaብዕራይበ ዐ ረ— ox
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Imperial Aramaic
arc · 1 lemma- burn
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
aii · 2 lemmas- to bleat (of sheep)From ܒܥܝܼܪܵܐ (bˁīrā, “beast of burden”).
- dried sheep dung used for fuelEither from ܒܥܝܼܪܵܐ (bˁīrā, “beast of burden”) or based on the root Aramaic [Term?] in the archaic meaning “to burn”. Compare Classical Syriac ܒܥܘܿܪܵܐ (“dried dung of large animals used as fuel”).
Hebrew
he · 8 lemmas- a male given name, Beor
- to destroy, remove
- disposal, eradication
- to kindle, to burn
- to burn
- defective spelling of ביער
- fool, stupid person
- third-person masculine singular future of בָּעַר (ba'ár)
Arabic
ar · 4 lemmas- to void dung, to evacuate, to throw out ordure (said of a cloven-hoofed beast)From بَعِير (baʕīr, “camel”), or compare جَعْر (jaʕr, “dung”), جَعَرَ (jaʕara, “to void one’s dung”). The only parallel form in Semitic is Classical Syriac ܒܥܘܿܪܴܐ (bəʿōrā, “dried dung”), while the animal term is widely attested in Semitic, so it is unlikely that the animal name came from the name of dung – as Hommel…
- dung, ordure (of a cloven-hoofed beast)From بَعِير (baʕīr, “camel”), or compare جَعْر (jaʕr, “dung”), جَعَرَ (jaʕara, “to void one’s dung”). The only parallel form in Semitic is Classical Syriac ܒܥܘܿܪܴܐ (bəʿōrā, “dried dung”), while the animal term is widely attested in Semitic, so it is unlikely that the animal name came from the name of dung – as Hommel…
- singulative of بَعْر (baʕr)
- a camel of either sexFrom Proto-Semitic *bVʕVr-. Compare Classical Syriac ܒܥܝܪܐ (baʿīrā, “sheep, cattle”), Hebrew בְּעִיר (bəʿīr, “cattle”), Ugaritic 𐎛𐎁𐎗 (ỉbr, “bull”), Ge'ez ብዕር (bəʿər, “ox, horned cattle”), Amharic በሬ (bäre), Harsusi ḥəbyār (“camels”), Bathari baʕr, ḥəbēʕər (“female camels”), Mehri həbɛ̄r (“camels”), Harsusi bəʔīr…
Ge'ez
gez · 1 lemma- ox, buffalo
Amharic
am · 1 lemma- pen
Tigrinya
ti · 1 lemma- ox