f l g
34 lemmas · 7 languages
soundAll three consonants are regularT Gen.35.22
Themes:half·6divide·3split·3part·2middle·2
POS shape:noun·23verb·5adj·3name·2prefix·1
This root is attested across 7 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*p-l-gProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Canaanite
Hebrewהִפְלִיגפ ל ג— to sail
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicפלגפ ל ג— to divide, to part, to separate
Syriacܦܠܓܐܦ ܠ ܓ— half (½)
Assyrian NAܦܵܠܹܓ݂ܦ ܠ ܓ— to divide; to be/become divided, split
Arabic
Arabicفَالِجف ل ج— active participle of فَلَجَ (falaja)
South Semitic
Ethio-Semitic
Amharicፈለገፈ ለ ገ— to want
Tigrinyaፈለግፈ ለ ገ— river
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Imperial Aramaic
arc · 2 lemmas- to divide, to part, to separate
- half, middle
Classical Syriac
syc · 3 lemmas- half (½)From the root ܦ ܠ ܓ related to dividing. Compare Arabic فَلْج (falj) and Hebrew פֶּלֶג (péleḡ).
- half, portion, shareFrom the root ܦ ܠ ܓ related to dividing.
- phlegm, pituitaFrom Ancient Greek φλέγμα (phlégma).
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
aii · 8 lemmas- to divide; to be/become divided, splitInherited from Aramaic פְּלַג (pəlaḡ).
▸ 1 derivation
- derivedܡܦܲܠܸܓ݂mpalliḡ
- to divide, to splitIntensitive stem of the verb ܦܵܠܹܓ݂ (pālēḡ, “to become divided”).
- half (½)Inherited from Aramaic פַּלְגָּא (palgā) and of the noun pattern 1a23ā; compare Classical Syriac ܦܸܠܓܵܐ, Arabic فَلْج (falj), and Hebrew פֶּלֶג (péleg).
- dividing, parting, divisionActive noun of ܦܵܠܹܓ݂ (pālēḡ, “to be/become divided”).
- part, portionOf the noun pattern 1i23ā.
- half- (used before adjectives, nouns, or verbal nouns to indicate half completion) See usage notesProbably from the absolute or construct state of ܦܲܠܓܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (palgūṯā). Also attested in Classical Syriac ܦܵܠܓܘܼ and used in the same manner for half-completion.
- middle day of the Great LentProbably from the absolute or construct state of ܦܲܠܓܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (palgūṯā). Also attested in Classical Syriac ܦܵܠܓܘܼ and used in the same manner for half-completion.
- construct state singular of ܦܲܠܝܼܓ݂ܵܐ (palīḡā)See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form..
Hebrew
he · 8 lemmas- to sail
- political party
- a division, a split, a separation, a schism
- company
- stream, brook, tributaryCognate with Arabic فَلَقَ (falaqa, “to split, to cleave”).
- a male given name, equivalent to English PelegCognate with Arabic فَلَقَ (falaqa, “to split, to cleave”).
- plugFrom English plug (see further etymology there).
- mistress, concubine, woman in a long-term but non-marital relationship with a manLikely related to Aramaic פַּלְקְתָא (palqəṯā, “concubine”), Ancient Greek παλλακή (pallakḗ, “concubine”), παλλακίς (pallakís), πάλλαξ (pállax, “young”) (compare פַּלְגָּס (palgás)), Proto-Iranian *parikaH (“sorceress, witch”), whence Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬐𐬁 (paⁱrikā, “beautiful women seducing pious men”), Middle Persian…
Arabic
ar · 7 lemmas- active participle of فَلَجَ (falaja)
- Bactrian camelFrom the ف ل ج (f l j), imagining the two humps as representing a split.
- verbal noun of فُلِجَ (fulija) (form I)Verbal noun of فُلِجَ (fulija, “to become paralyzed”).
- phoresis, paralysis, strokeBorrowed from Aramaic פָּלְגָּא / ܦܴܠܓܳܐ (pālgā), from Ancient Greek πλῆξις, πληγή (plêxis, plēgḗ).
- related to phoresis, paralysis, strokeفَالَج (fālaj, “phoresis, paralysis, stroke”) + ـِيّ (-iyy).
- paralyzed, partly or wholly incapable of movementDerived from the passive participle of the verb فُلِجَ (fulija, “to become paralyzed”).
- a paralyzed personDerived from the passive participle of the verb فُلِجَ (fulija, “to become paralyzed”).
Amharic
am · 5 lemmas- to want
- example
- searcher
- search
- will
Tigrinya
ti · 1 lemma- river