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f l s

29 lemmas · 7 languages
soundAll three consonants are regularT Prov.4.26
Themes:palestine·6palestinian·6philosopher·4western·3asia·3
POS shape:noun·20verb·4name·3adj·2

This root is attested across 7 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.

Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family

*p-l-sProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Canaanite
Hebrewפִּלֵּספ ל סto level, to align, to clear a path
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicפלסףפ ל סto philosophize
Syriacܦܘܠܘܣܦ ܠ ܣPaul
Assyrian NAܦܲܠܸܣܛܝܼܢܵܐܦ ܠ ܣPalestine (the region in Western Asia in the Middle East between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River)
Arabic
Arabicفِلْسف ل سa small-denomination coin, penny
South Semitic
Ethio-Semitic
Amharicፈላስፋפ ל סphilosopher
Tigrinyaመፍለስפ ל סwarthog

Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.

Imperial Aramaic

arc · 1 lemma
  • verbinferredWiktionary ↗
    to philosophize
    From Ancient Greek φιλοσοφέω (philosophéō), from φιλόσοφος (philósophos).

Classical Syriac

syc · 5 lemmas
  • pawlūsnameinferredWiktionary ↗
    Paul
    Borrowed from Ancient Greek Παῦλος (Paûlos), from Latin Paulus.
  • palasṭīnnameinferredWiktionary ↗
    Palestine (the region in Western Asia in the Middle East between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River)
    From Ancient Greek Παλαιστίνη (Palaistínē).
    4 derivations
  • pīlōsōp̄ānouninferredWiktionary ↗
    philosopher
    Etymology tree
  • pīlōsōp̄tānouninferredWiktionary ↗
    philosopher
    From Ancient Greek φιλόσοφος (philósophos).
  • pāwlāws ɡarbyāyānouninferredWiktionary ↗
    north pole
    from ܦܘܠܘܣ (“pole”) + ܓܪܒܝܝܐ (“northern”)

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

aii · 3 lemmas
  • pallisṭīnānouninferredWiktionary ↗
    Palestine (the region in Western Asia in the Middle East between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River)
    Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac, from Latin Palaestīna (“Roman province of Palestine”), from Ancient Greek Παλαιστίνη (Palaistínē, “Philistia and the surrounding region”), from Hebrew פְּלֶשֶׁת (p'léshet, “Philistia”); therefore doublet of ܦܠܸܫܬ (plišt).
    1 derivation
  • pallisṭīnāyāadjinferredWiktionary ↗
    Palestinian (of, from, or pertaining to Palestine and/or the Palestinian people)
    From ܦܲܠܸܣܛܝܼܢܵܝܵܐ (pallisṭīnāyā, “Palestinian”) + -ܝܐ (-āyā, the attributive adjective ending); doublet of ܦܠܸܫܬܵܝܵܐ (plištāyā, “Philistine”).
  • pallisṭīnāyānouninferredWiktionary ↗
    Palestinian (inhabitant of Palestine or Arab of Palestinian descent)
    From ܦܲܠܸܣܛܝܼܢܵܝܵܐ (pallisṭīnāyā, “Palestinian”) + -ܝܐ (-āyā, the attributive adjective ending); doublet of ܦܠܸܫܬܵܝܵܐ (plištāyā, “Philistine”).

Hebrew

he · 8 lemmas
  • pilésverbattestedT Prov.4.26Wiktionary ↗
    to level, to align, to clear a path
  • falusnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    phallus
  • plásternouninferredWiktionary ↗
    plaster
  • falastínnameinferredWiktionary ↗
    Palestine (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East; the State of Palestine; the homeland of the Palestinian people) (especially post-1948)
    Borrowed from South Levantine Arabic فلسطين (falasṭīn), from Ancient Greek Παλαιστίνη (Palaistínē).
  • plástiknouninferredWiktionary ↗
    plastic: a solid polymer material
    From European languages, such as English plastic.
  • filosofnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    philosopher
  • pilosófnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    archaic form of פִילוֹסוֹף (filosof)
  • falastíninouninferredWiktionary ↗
    Palestinian

Arabic

ar · 8 lemmas
  • filsnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    a small-denomination coin, penny
    Borrowed from Aramaic פֵילַס (pilas) / פלס (polləs) / ܦܠܣ / פּוּלְסָא (puləsā) / ܦܘܽܠܣܴܐ (puləsā), from Ancient Greek φόλλις (phóllis), from Latin follis.
    4 derivations
  • fallasaverbinferredWiktionary ↗
    to bankrupt, to make broke, to ruin, to render out of pennies
    Denominal verb of فِلْس (fils).
  • falsnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    scale of a fish
    Borrowed from Ancient Greek φολίς (pholís).
  • ʔaflasaverbinferredWiktionary ↗
    to fail financially, to become insolvent, to go bankrupt, to become ruined, to run out of the last penny
    Denominal verb of فِلْس (fils).
  • fulūsnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    plural of فِلْس (fils)
  • muflisadjinferredWiktionary ↗
    bankrupt
    Derived from the active participle of أَفْلَسَ (ʔaflasa).
  • ʔiflāsnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    verbal noun of أَفْلَسَ (ʔaflasa) (form IV), bankruptcy
    Verbal noun of أَفْلَسَ (ʔaflasa).
  • taflīsnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    verbal noun of فَلَّسَ (fallasa) (form II)
    Verbal noun of فَلَّسَ (fallasa).

Amharic

am · 2 lemmas

Tigrinya

ti · 2 lemmas

Related rootsshare 2 of 3 consonants with f-l-s

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