s w s
24 lemmas · 7 languages
hollow (II-weak)Middle consonant is w or y. The vowel contracts in the perfect (q-w-l → qāla 'said'), producing a 'hollow' surface. Known as mediae infirmae.T Gen.49.17
Themes:horse·9mare·4stallion·3groom·2horses·2
POS shape:noun·20verb·4
This root is attested across 7 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*s-w-sProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Canaanite
Hebrewסוּסס ו ס— horse
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicסוסיאס ו ס— horse
Syriacܣܘܣܝܐܣ ܘ ܣ— horse, stallion
Assyrian NAܣܘܼܣܹܐܣ ܘ ܣ— horse, stallion
Mandaicࡍࡅࡍࡀࡍ ࡅ ࡍ— fish
Arabic
Arabicسَاسَس و س— to direct, to govern, to rule, to manipulate, to groom, to manage, to cox, to steer
South Semitic
Ethio-Semitic
Amharicሰዋሰውሰ ወ ሰ— grammar
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Imperial Aramaic
arc · 2 lemmas- horseCompare Hebrew סוּס (sūs), Aramaic סוּסְיָא (sūsəyā), Phoenician 𐤎𐤎 (ss /sys/), Akkadian 𒀲𒆳𒊏 (sīsûm), Classical Syriac ܣܘܣܝܐ (sūsyā) and Ugaritic 𐎒𐎒𐎆 (ssw).
- horse, mare
Classical Syriac
syc · 3 lemmas- horse, stallionCompare Hebrew סוּס (sūs), Aramaic סוּסְיָא (sūsəyā), Phoenician 𐤎𐤎 (ss /sys/), Akkadian 𒀲𒆳𒊏 (sīsûm) and Ugaritic 𐎒𐎒𐎆 (ssw).
▸ 7 derivations
- derivedܛܘܪܐ ܕܣܘܣܝܐ
- derivedܣܘܣܝ ܒܪܢܫ
- derivedܣܘܣܝ ܡܥܪܦܐ
- derivedܣܘܣܝ ܡܪܓܐ
- derivedܣܘܣܝܐ ܕܢܗܪܐ
- derivedܣܘܣܝܐ ܕܦܪܘܛܐܡܘܣ
- derivedܣܘܣܝܐ ܪܒܐ
- horse, mareCompare Hebrew סוּסָה (sûsâ).
- emphatic plural of ܣܘܣܬܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
aii · 3 lemmas- horse, stallionOriginally the absolute state of Aramaic סוּסיָא (sūsyā); compare Classical Syriac ܣܘܼܣܝܵܐ (sūsyā), Akkadian 𒀲𒆳𒊏 (sīsûm), and Hebrew סוּס (sus).
- feminine of ܣܘܼܣܹܐ (sūsē): horse mareCompare Hebrew סוּסָה (sûsâ).
- feminine plural of ܣܘܼܣܬܵܐ (sustā): mares, ponytails
Hebrew
he · 6 lemmas- horseCompare Aramaic סוּסְיָא (sūsəyā), Phoenician 𐤎𐤎 (ss /sys/), Akkadian 𒀲𒆳𒊏 (sīsûm), Classical Syriac ܣܘܣܝܐ (sūsyā) and Ugaritic 𐎒𐎒𐎆 (ssw).
▸ 6 derivations
- derivedזְנַב סוּסznáv sús
- derivedסוּס עֲבוֹדָהsús avodá
- derivedסוּס טְרוֹיָאנִיsus troyáni
- derivedסוּס יָםsus yám
- derivedסוּס נַדְנֵדָהsus nadnedá
- relatedפָּרָשׁparásh
- swift (type of bird)
- defective spelling of סייס
- mare (an adult female horse)
- singular form of סוּס (sus) with third-person feminine singular personal pronoun as possessor: her horse, her stallion
- groom of horses
Arabic
ar · 8 lemmas- to direct, to govern, to rule, to manipulate, to groom, to manage, to cox, to steer
- to be gnawed, to be eaten away, to be rotten (especially by moth-worms or weevils)Typically declared as inherited from Proto-Semitic *sūs- (“moth; insect especially one that bites or chews up materials”), from Proto-Afroasiatic *suʔw- (“a kind of insect”), cognates with Akkadian 𒌨𒈨 (sāsum, “moth; biting insect”), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic ססא (sāsā), Hebrew סָס (sās), Classical Syriac ܣܣܐ (sāsā),…
- to give someone regimen over, to let govern
- verbal noun of سَاسَ (sāsa) (form I)
- licoriceBorrowed from Aramaic שׁוּשָׁא / ܫܽܘܫܳܐ (šūšā, “licorice”), from Akkadian 𒄑𒊺𒆕𒀀 (šūšum, “licorice”).
- to be affected by worms, to be affected by miteDenominal verb of سُوس (sūs, “curculio”).
- verbal noun of تَسَوَّسَ (tasawwasa) (form V)Denominal verb of سُوس (sūs, “curculio”).
- stableman, hostler (a person who takes after horses)Derived from the active participle of the verb سَاسَ (sāsa, “to govern”).
Amharic
am · 1 lemma- grammar
Classical Mandaic
mid · 1 lemma- fish