g l l
32 lemmas · 7 languages
geminateSecond and third consonants are identical (ḥ-b-b 'love'). Surface forms often show a doubled consonant (mediae geminatae).T Gen.39.5
Themes:roll·4floodplain·2valley·2wheel·2carriage·2
POS shape:noun·16adj·7verb·5name·3prep·1
This root is attested across 7 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*g-l-lProto-Semitic
East Semitic
Akkadiangallûmg l l— gallu demon
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Canaanite
Hebrewגַּלג ל ל— a male or female given name, Gal
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicגללג ל ל— to roll
Syriacܓܠܠܐܓ ܠ ܠ— floodplain, valley
Assyrian NAܓ̰ܸܠܝܵܐܓ ܠ ܠ— followed by the phonetic sign majlyānā
Arabic
Arabicجَلّج ل ل— great
South Semitic
Ethio-Semitic
Amharicግልጋሎትገ ለ ለ— service
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Akkadian
akk · 1 lemma- gallu demonBorrowed from Sumerian 𒋼𒇲 (gal₅-la₂ /galla/, “gallu demon”).
Imperial Aramaic
arc · 1 lemma- to roll
Classical Syriac
syc · 5 lemmas- floodplain, valley
- absolute singular of ܡܓܠܬܐFrom the root ܓ ܠ ܠ.
- wheel of a carriage, well, or millFrom the earlier uncontracted form ܓܠܓܠܐ (galgəlā), from the root ܓ ܠ ܠ related to rolling. The sense of “thistle stalks” is from Biblical Hebrew גַּלְגַּל (galgal).
▸ 1 derivation
- derivedܓܝܓܠܘܢܝܬܐgīḡlōnīṯā
- scroll, rollFrom the root ܓ ܠ ܠ related to rolling. Compare Akkadian 𒈠𒃲𒆳 (/magallatu/), Arabic مَجَلَّة (majalla), and Hebrew מְגִלָּה (məḡillâ).
- emphatic plural of ܡܓܠܬܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
aii · 8 lemmas- followed by the phonetic sign majlyānā
- floodplain, valleyAlso attested in Classical Syriac ܓܠܠܐ (glālā). Possibly related to Northern Kurdish gelî (“valley”).
- wheel (especially of a carriage, well, or mill)Also attested in Classical Syriac, from the earlier uncontracted form ܓܠܓܠܐ (galgəlā); the sense of “thistle stalks” is a semantic loan from Biblical Hebrew גַּלְגַּל (galgal).
▸ 2 derivations
- derivedܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܘܿܢܝܼܬܵܐgīḡlōnītā
- derivedܟܘܼܪܣܹܐ ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܹ̈ܐkursē gīḡlē
- roundAdjective derived from the verb ܓܵܝܹܠ (gāyēl, “to roll”).
▸ 1 derivation
- derivedܓܠܘܿܠܵܐ ܕܐܲܪܥܵܐglōlā d-arˁā
- a ball or orb or other spherical objectAdjective derived from the verb ܓܵܝܹܠ (gāyēl, “to roll”).
- to rollReduplicated and possibly onomatopoeic verb derived from the earlier uncontracted form of ܓܝܼܓ݂ܠܵܐ (gīḡlā, “wheel”); compare Aramaic גְּלַל (gəlal) and Hebrew גִּלְגֵּל (gilgél).
- feminine of ܓܠܘܿܠܵܐ (glōlā, “round”)See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
- pair of compassesSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Hebrew
he · 8 lemmas- a male or female given name, Gal
- to roll (literally or figuratively)
- A cylinder: a geometric surface of a certain type.
- Galilee (a mountainous geographic region in northern Israel)
- A tablet, a pill, a capsule, a caplet: a small, solid portion of a drug or drugs to be taken orally.
▸ 1 derivation
- relatedתרופהt'rufá
- cylindrical
- gelBorrowed from English gel.
- Because of, due to [with noun phrase].
Arabic
ar · 8 lemmas- greatCompare Hebrew גַּל (gall).
- elative degree of جَلِيل (jalīl):Elative of جَلِيل (jalīl).
- to respect, to venerate, to honor, to glorify
- to dignify, to honour, to exalt
- important, big, high-relevance
- feminine of جُلَّى (jullā, “important matter”)
- verbal noun of جَلَّ (jalla) (form I)
- a male given name, Jalal
Amharic
am · 1 lemma- service