g m l
34 lemmas · 9 languages
soundAll three consonants are regular📜 2Kgs.8.9
Themes:camel·12cameleer·3act·2emphatic·2gimel·2
POS shape:noun·24verb·7proverb·1adj·1name·1
This root is attested across 9 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*g-m-lProto-Semitic
East Semitic
Akkadiangamālumg m l— to do a favour, be obliging, perform a kind act, act so as to please
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Canaanite
Hebrewגָּמָלג מ ל— camel
Phoenician𐤂𐤌𐤋𐤂 𐤌 𐤋— camel
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicגַּמְלָאג מ ל— camel
Syriacܓܲܡܠܵܐܓ ܡ ܠ— camel, dromedary
Assyrian NAܓܲܡܵܠܵܐܓ ܡ ܠ— cameleer; camel rider or camel driver
Arabic
Arabicأَجْمَلَج م ل— to sum, to total, to add
South Semitic
Ethio-Semitic
Amharicግመልገ መ ለ— camel
Tigrinyaገመልገ መ ለ— camel
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Akkadian
akk · 1 lemma- to do a favour, be obliging, perform a kind act, act so as to please
▸ 1 derivation
- relatedgimillum
Phoenician
irregular reflexphn · 1 lemma- camel
Imperial Aramaic
arc · 2 lemmas- camelFrom Proto-Semitic *gamal-.
- cameleerCompare Arabic جَمَّال (jammāl) Hebrew גַּמָּל (gammāl)
Classical Syriac
syc · 6 lemmas- camel, dromedaryFrom Proto-Semitic *gamal-.
- cameleerModified from above. Compare Arabic جَمَّال (jammāl) and Hebrew גַּמָּל (gammāl).
- emphatic plural of ܓܡܠܐ
- emphatic plural of ܓܡܠܐ
- alternative spelling of ܓܡܠ ܢܡܪܐ
- camelopard, giraffeFrom ܓܡܠ (gəmal, “camel of”) + ܢܡܪܐ (nemrā, “the leopard”); a calque of Ancient Greek καμηλοπάρδαλις (kamēlopárdalis).
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
aii · 6 lemmas- cameleer; camel rider or camel driverOccupational noun modified from ܓܘܼܡܠܵܐ (gumlā, “camel”); compare Arabic جَمَّال (jammāl) and Hebrew גַּמָּל (gammál).
- camelInherited from Aramaic גַמְלָא (gamlā), from Proto-Semitic *gamal-; compare Classical Syriac ܓܡܠܐ (gamlā), Arabic جَمَل (jamal), Hebrew גָּמָל (gamál), Neo-Assyrian 𒃵𒂷 (gammalu), Ancient Greek κᾰ́μηλος (kắmēlos). Compare also the learned borrowed form ܓܲܡܠܵܐ (gamlā).
▸ 2 derivations
- derivedܓܡܘܿܠ ܢܸܡܪܵܐgmōl nimrā
- derivedܓܲܡܵܠܵܐgammālā
- gimel (the third letter of the Assyrian alphabet and Syriac script)Ultimately derived from Phoenician 𐤂𐤌𐤋 (gml, literally “camel”); compare Arabic جِيم (jīm), Hebrew גִּימֶל (gímel) and Ancient Greek γάμμα (gámma). Doublet of ܓܘܼܡܠܵܐ (gumlā).
- singular construct state of ܓܲܡܠܵܐ (gamlā, “camel”)
- beam, rafterLearned borrowing from Classical Syriac, from Aramaic גַמְלָא (gamlā); compare native form and doublet of ܓܘܼܡܠܵܐ (gumlā, “camel”).
- female equivalent of ܓܲܡܠܵܐ (gamlā, “camel, dromadery”)
Hebrew
he · 8 lemmas- camelFrom Proto-Semitic *gamal-. Compare Arabic جَمَل (jamal, “camel”), جَمَّال (jammāl, “camel driver”).
- to wean (from mother's milk)
- an accumulated fund for a pension or retirement, or in case of a lay-off
- camel train
- alternative form of גימ״ל
- gimel (the third letter of the Hebrew script and other Semitic scripts)
- acts of lovingkindness; wider than charity.
- Even fools seem wise when quiet. That is, sometimes it is good to keep quiet in order to not expose one's stupidity.From the Proverbs he:T:28 (with translation of the New International Version) “Even fools are thought wise if they keep silent, and discerning if they hold their tongues.”
Arabic
ar · 8 lemmas- to sum, to total, to add
- elative degree of جَمِيل (jamīl):Elative of جَمِيل (jamīl, “beautiful; pretty”).
- to make oneself pretty, to adorn oneself
- to be polite to, to be courteous to, to be amiable to
- verbal noun of جَمُلَ (jamula) (form I)Verbal noun of جَمُلَ (jamula, “to be beautiful”).
- a male given name, Jamal or GamalVerbal noun of جَمُلَ (jamula, “to be beautiful”).
Amharic
am · 1 lemma- camelFrom Proto-Semitic *gamal-.
Tigrinya
ti · 1 lemma- camelFrom Proto-Semitic *gamal-.