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m l ʾ

29 lemmas · 9 languages
hamzatedContains ʾ (glottal stop) in position 1 or 3. Glottal stops assimilate or elide in many inflections, producing irregular surface forms.📜 Gen.23.9
Themes:fill·14full·5filled·3angel·3something·3
POS shape:verb·15noun·11adj·3

This root is attested across 9 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.

Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family

*m-l-ʾProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Ugaritic𐎎𐎍𐎀𐎎 𐎍 𐎀to fill, fill up
Canaanite
Hebrewמֻלָּאמ ל אto be filled
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicמלאמ ל אwords
Syriacܡܠܘܐܐܡ ܠ ܐcompletion, fullness
Assyrian NAܡܵܠܹܐܡ ܠ ܐto be/become full; to fill
Arabic
Arabicمَلَأَم ل ءto fill
South Semitic
Ethio-Semitic
Ge'ezመልአክמ ל אangel
Amharicሙሉמ ל ءfull
Tigrinyaመልኣኽמ ל אangel

Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.

Ugaritic

irregular reflexug · 2 lemmas
  • mlảverbinferredWiktionary ↗
    to fill, fill up
  • mlảknouninferredWiktionary ↗
    messenger
    Compare Hebrew מַלְאָךְ (malʾāḵ), Aramaic מַלְאֲכָא (malʾăḵā), Arabic مَلْأَك (malʔak).

Imperial Aramaic

arc · 3 lemmas
  • nouninferred𐡀 tg. Jon. 2 Sam 14:10Wiktionary ↗
    words
  • verbinferred𐡀 tg. Jon. 2 Sam 14:10Wiktionary ↗
    to fill, to be filled
  • malʾăḵānouninferred𐡀 tg. Onk. Gen 16:7Wiktionary ↗
    angel
    Compare Classical Syriac ܡܠܐܟܐ, Arabic مَلْأَك (malʔak) and Hebrew מַלְאָךְ (malʾāḵ).

Classical Syriac

syc · 1 lemma
  • nounattestedWiktionary ↗
    completion, fullness
    From the root ܡ ܠ ܐ related to filling. Compare Hebrew מְלוֹא (məlôʾ).

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

aii · 4 lemmas
  • mālēverbattestedWiktionary ↗
    to be/become full; to fill
    Inherited from Aramaic מְלָא (məlā); cognate to Hebrew מָלֵא (malé), Arabic مَلَأَ (malaʔa), and also borrowed into South Levantine Arabic ملّى (mallā)
    3 derivations
  • mmallēverbattestedWiktionary ↗
    to fill, fill up
    Intensitive stem of ܡܵܠܹܐ (mālē, “to fill”); compare Hebrew מִלֵּא (milé), Arabic مَلَّأَ (mallaʔa) and أَمْلَأَ (ʔamlaʔa⁩).
  • mšamlēverbattestedWiktionary ↗
    to complete, finish, fill out
    Shaphel derived from the verb ܡܵܠܹܐ (mālē, “to fill”).
  • millēnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    plural of ܡܸܠܬ݂ܵܐ (milṯā, “word; verb”)

Hebrew

he · 8 lemmas
  • muláverbattested📜 Gen.23.9Wiktionary ↗
    to be filled
  • miléverbattested📜 Gen.23.9Wiktionary ↗
    To fill (something) up, to make (something) full.
    From the root מ־ל־א (m-l-ʾ), forming words relating to fullness or completeness. Compare with מָלֵא (malé, “full”).
  • m'láynounattestedWiktionary ↗
    stock, inventory
  • m'lonounattested📜 Lev.5.12Wiktionary ↗
    fullness
  • m'lítnounattestedWiktionary ↗
    stuffing, filling
  • timláverbattested📜 Exod.29.35Wiktionary ↗
    You will/shall fill: second-person masculine singular future of מלא
  • t'maléverbattested📜 Exod.29.35Wiktionary ↗
    You will/shall fill: second-person masculine singular future of מלא
  • timaléverbattested📜 Exod.29.35Wiktionary ↗
    You will/shall fill: second-person masculine singular future of נמלא

Arabic

ar · 8 lemmas
  • malaʔaverbattestedWiktionary ↗
    to fill
    Cognate to Hebrew מָלֵא (malé).
  • mallaʔaverbattestedWiktionary ↗
    to fill or do something to the utmost
  • millanounattestedWiktionary ↗
    ideological or religious community, philosophy, creed, weltanschauung, religion, denomination.
    Derived or cognate to Aramaic מִלָּה (mellā, “word, speech, statement; matter or case, logic, reason, rationale; exposition; consensus”); compare Classical Syriac ܡܠܬܐ (mellṯā). Connected natively to the root م ل ء (m l ʔ) meaning “an adult who is regarded for his opinion”, “the affluent, nobles, or decision-makers in…
  • ʔamlaʔadjattestedWiktionary ↗
    more or most satisfying in comeliness
    Elative from the root م ل ء (m l ʔ); compare مَلَأَ (malaʔa, “to satisfy in comeliness”).
  • ʔamlaʔaverbattestedWiktionary ↗
    to fill
    Form IV from the root م ل ء (m l ʔ).
  • tamallaʔaverbattestedWiktionary ↗
    to be or become filled or full
    Cognate to Hebrew התמלא (hitmalé)
  • mālaʔaverbattestedWiktionary ↗
    to help, aid, assist, support, back up, side with, join forces with [+direct object] on
  • malʔānadjattestedWiktionary ↗
    full

Ge'ez

gez · 1 lemma

Amharic

am · 1 lemma
  • muluadjinferredWiktionary ↗
    full
    Possibly related to Arabic مَلِيء (malīʔ, “full”).

Tigrinya

ti · 1 lemma
  • mälʾaxnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    angel
    From Hebrew מַלְאָךְ (malʾā́ḵ, “angel, messenger”).

Related rootsshare 2 of 3 consonants with m-l-ʾ

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