h l l
23 lemmas · 7 languages
geminateSecond and third consonants are identical (ḥ-b-b 'love'). Surface forms often show a doubled consonant (mediae geminatae).T Deut.3.11
Themes:praise·3crescent·2defective·2begin·2
POS shape:verb·10noun·8intj·1name·1phrase·1det·1pron·1
This root is attested across 7 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*h-l-lProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Ugaritic𐎅𐎍𐎍𐎅 𐎍 𐎍— crescent moon
Canaanite
Hebrewהַלֵּלה ל ל— Hallel, Psalms 113-118 recited on certain Jewish holidays
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicהללה ל ל— to praise
Assyrian NAܗܲܠܸܠܘܼܝܵܐܗ ܠ ܠ— alleluia, hallelujah!
Arabic
Arabicأَهَلَّه ل ل— to begin, to come to light
South Semitic
Ethio-Semitic
Amharicሁሉሀ ለ ለ— all, every
Tigrinyaሂላልሀ ለ ለ— crescent
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Ugaritic
irregular reflexug · 1 lemma- crescent moonCompare Arabic هِلَال (hilāl).
Imperial Aramaic
arc · 1 lemma- to praise
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
aii · 1 lemma- alleluia, hallelujah!Borrowed from Classical Syriac, from Biblical Hebrew הַלְּלוּיָהּ (“Praise Jah!”).
Hebrew
he · 8 lemmas- Hallel, Psalms 113-118 recited on certain Jewish holidays
- a male given name, equivalent to English Hillel
- defective spelling of הילל
- Masculine singular imperative of הילל / הִלֵּל (hilél)
- halo
- to praise, glorify, exalt
- defective spelling of תהילה
- praise, adoration
Arabic
ar · 8 lemmas- to begin, to come to light
- to hire, engage for a lunar month
- to cheer, acclaim
- to be happy, to be exultant, to rejoice
- to begin, commence, initiate, introduce, open, start, initialize, institute, trigger
- verbal noun of تَهَلَّلَ (tahallala) (form V)
Amharic
am · 2 lemmas- all, everyFrom Proto-Semitic *kull-. Cognates include Ge'ez ኵል (kʷəll) and Arabic كُلّ (kull).
- all, everybody, everythingFrom Proto-Semitic *kull-. Cognates include Ge'ez ኵል (kʷəll) and Arabic كُلّ (kull).
Tigrinya
ti · 2 lemmas- crescentBorrowed from Arabic هِلَال (hilāl).
- flame