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ʿ ṭ r

20 lemmas · 7 languages
soundAll three consonants are regularT Num.32.34
Themes:perfume·7vapour·2vapor·2fume·2scent·2
POS shape:noun·12verb·6adj·2

This root is attested across 7 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.

Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family

*ʿ-ṭ-rProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Canaanite
Hebrewעֲטָרָהע ט רdiadem, wreath
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicעטראע ט רvapour/vapor, fume
Syriacܥܛܪܐܥ ܛ ܪvapor/vapour, fume, steam
Assyrian NAܥܸܛܪܵܐܥ ܛ ܪperfume, fragrance, scent
Arabic
Arabicعِطْرع ط رperfume, scent
South Semitic
Ethio-Semitic
Amharicእጥርዐ ጠ ረfenced, enclosed in a hedge etc.
Tigrinyaዕጣርዐ ጠ ረwrinkle, ruga

Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.

Imperial Aramaic

arc · 1 lemma
  • nouninferred𐡀 tg. Jon. 1 Kgs 15:14Wiktionary ↗
    vapour/vapor, fume

Classical Syriac

syc · 2 lemmas
  • ˁeṭrānounattestedWiktionary ↗
    vapor/vapour, fume, steam
    From the root ܥ ܛ ܪ related to being emitted. Compare Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr) and Hebrew עֲתַר (ʿăṯar).
  • nouninferredWiktionary ↗
    emphatic plural of ܥܛܪܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

aii · 2 lemmas
  • ˁiṭrānounattestedWiktionary ↗
    perfume, fragrance, scent
    Compare Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr) and Hebrew עֲתַר ('atár). The latter is an occupational noun derived from the former, that of which is cognate to Arabic عَطَّار (ʕaṭṭār).
    2 derivations
  • ˁaṭṭārānounattestedWiktionary ↗
    perfumer, scentmaker
    Compare Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr) and Hebrew עֲתַר ('atár). The latter is an occupational noun derived from the former, that of which is cognate to Arabic عَطَّار (ʕaṭṭār).

Hebrew

he · 4 lemmas
  • ataránounattestedT 1Chr.2.26Wiktionary ↗
    diadem, wreath
  • itérverbattestedWiktionary ↗
    to decorate, adorn
  • he'etírverbattestedWiktionary ↗
    to crown
  • 'atéretnouninferredT Num.32.34Wiktionary ↗
    singular construct state form of עֲטָרָה

Arabic

ar · 8 lemmas
  • ʕiṭrnounattestedWiktionary ↗
    perfume, scent
  • ʕaṭṭārnounattestedWiktionary ↗
    perfumer
    Occupational noun from عِطْر (ʕiṭr, “perfume”).
  • istaʕṭaraverbattestedWiktionary ↗
    to perfume oneself, to use perfume
  • ʕaṭṭaraverbinferredWiktionary ↗
    to perfume
    Denominal verb from عِطْر (ʕiṭr, “perfume”).
  • ʕaṭiradjinferredWiktionary ↗
    fragrant, sweet-smelling, aromatic
  • ʔuʕaṭṭiruverbinferredWiktionary ↗
  • taʕaṭṭaraverbinferredWiktionary ↗
    to perfume oneself
  • taʕaṭṭurnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    verbal noun of تَعَطَّرَ (taʕaṭṭara) (form V)

Amharic

am · 2 lemmas
  • əṭṭəradjattestedWiktionary ↗
    fenced, enclosed in a hedge etc.
  • əṭrnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    perfume, odorament
    Borrowed from Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr).

Tigrinya

ti · 1 lemma

Related rootsshare 2 of 3 consonants with ʿ-ṭ-r

Compare two languages side-by-side