š r š
20 lemmas · 7 languages
soundAll three consonants are regularT Deut.29.17
Themes:root·8roots·2rooted·2defective·2
POS shape:noun·12adj·3verb·3root·1name·1
This root is attested across 7 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*š-r-šProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Ugaritic𐎌𐎗𐎌𐎌 𐎗 𐎌— root of a plant
Canaanite
Hebrewהִשְׁתָּרֵשׁשׁ ר שׁ— to take root; to become ingrained
Phoenician𐤔𐤓𐤔𐤔 𐤓 𐤔— root
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicשרשאש ר ש— root
Syriacܫܪܫܐܫ ܪ ܫ— root
Assyrian NAܫܸܪܫܵܐܫ ܪ ܫ— root
Arabic
Arabicشِرْشش ر ش— root, wort
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Ugaritic
irregular reflexug · 1 lemma- root of a plantCompare Hebrew שורש / שֹׁרֶשׁ (šṓreš).
Phoenician
irregular reflexphn · 1 lemma- root
Imperial Aramaic
arc · 1 lemma- root
Classical Syriac
syc · 1 lemma- rootFrom Proto-Semitic *šurš-. Forms the root ܫ ܪ ܫ related to taking root.
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
aii · 5 lemmas- rootInherited from Aramaic שֻׁרְשׁא (šuršā), from Proto-Semitic *šurš-; compare Hebrew שֹׁרֶשׁ (shóresh), Arabic شُرْش (šurš) and Akkadian 𒁼 (šuršum).
▸ 3 derivations
- derivedܡܫܲܪܸܫmšarriš
- derivedܫܸܪܫܵܝܵܐširšāyā
- derivedܫܸܪܫܵܢܵܝܵܐširšānāyā
- radical (pertaining to roots)From ܫܸܪܫܵܐ (širšā, “root”) + -ܢܝܐ (-ānāyā, the intensive attributive adjective ending).
▸ 3 derivations
- derivedܡܸܢܝܵܢܵܐ ܫܸܪܫܵܢܵܝܵܐminyānā širšānāyā
- derivedܦܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ ܫܸܪܫܵܢܵܝܬܵܐpnīṯā širšānāytā
- relatedܫܸܪܫܵܝܵܐširšāyā
- rootedFrom ܫܸܪܫܵܐ (širšā, “root”) + -ܝܐ (-āyā, the attributive adjective ending); compare Hebrew שָׁרְשִׁי (shor'shí).
▸ 2 derivations
- relatedܫܸܪܫܵܢܵܝܵܐširšānāyā
- derivedܫܸܪܫܵܝܘܼܬܵܐširšāyūtā
- autochthon, native, indigenous personFrom ܫܸܪܫܵܐ (širšā, “root”) + -ܝܐ (-āyā, the attributive adjective ending); compare Hebrew שָׁרְשִׁי (shor'shí).
- waterfall, cataract, rapidsOf the 1a23ō4ā pattern for quadriliteral verbs derived from the onomatopoeic verb ܡܫܲܪܫܸܪ (mšaršir).
Hebrew
he · 6 lemmas- to take root; to become ingrained
- rooted
- rootedness
- defective spelling of שורש
- defective spelling of שורש
- forming words pertaining to roots
Arabic
ar · 5 lemmas- root, wortFrom Mašriqi dialects, from Aramaic שֻׁרְשׁא (šuršā) / ܫܪܫܐ (šeršā), from Proto-Semitic *šurš- (“root, wort”).
- to take rootFrom Mašriqi dialects, from Aramaic שֻׁרְשׁא (šuršā) / ܫܪܫܐ (šeršā), from Proto-Semitic *šurš- (“root, wort”).
- northwest windFrom coastal African dialects, from Latin circius.
- a city in western Andalusia, Spain; official name: Jerez de la FronteraLatin Ceret, Caeret, which has been etymologically identified with Caere in Etruria.
- neem (Azadirachta indica)Through a modern Indian language from Sanskrit शिरीष (śirīṣa), which actually means Albizia lebbeck known as لَبَخ (labaḵ).