ʾ b y
23 lemmas · 7 languages
hamzatedContains ʾ (glottal stop) in position 1 or 3. Glottal stops assimilate or elide in many inflections, producing irregular surface forms.T Gen.19.33
Themes:male· ذَكَر · זָכָר·6name· اِسْم · שֵׁם·6spring· عَيْن · מַעְיָן·3lost·2personal·2
POS shape:noun·9name·8adj·4verb·1pron·1
This root is attested across 7 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*ʾ-b-wProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Ugaritic𐎀𐎁𐎊𐎐𐎀 𐎁 𐎊— poor, impoverished
Canaanite
Hebrewאָבִיא ב י— a diminutive of the male given names אַבְרָהָם (avrahám) or אַבְנֵר (avnér)
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicאביבא ב י— inflection of אביבא:
Assyrian NAܐܲܒ݂ܝܼܓ݂ܸܠܐ ܒ ܝ— Abigail (the wife of Nabal and later of David in the Old Testament)
Arabic
Arabicتَأَبَّىء ب ي— to deny, refuse, reject
South Semitic
Old South Arabian
Sabaean𐩱𐩨𐩺𐩩𐩱 𐩨 𐩺
Ethio-Semitic
Tigrinyaኣበይአ በ የ— where
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Ugaritic
irregular reflexug · 1 lemma- poor, impoverishedCompare Hebrew אֶבְיוֹן (ʾeḇyōn, “pauper”)
Sabaean
irregular reflexsab · 1 lemmaImperial Aramaic
arc · 5 lemmas- inflection of אביבא:
- mournerFrom the root א-ב-ל.
- early stage of ripening, especially of grains
- lost
- lost
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
aii · 5 lemmas- Abigail (the wife of Nabal and later of David in the Old Testament)Borrowed from Classical Syriac, from Biblical Hebrew אֲבִיגַיִל (ʾăḇīḡayil, literally “my father’s joy”).
- a male given nameComposed of ܐܲܒ݂ܝܼ (aḇī, “my father”) + ܩܵܡ (qām, “(he) rose”), literally “My father rose”.
- Bukki (biblical figure)Borrowed from Classical Syriac, from Biblical Hebrew אֲבִיְקָר (avikár, literally “father of all respect”).
- a male given nameA proposed neologism composed of ܐܲܒ݂ܝܼ (aḇī, “my father”) + ܣܝܼܢ (sīn, “Sin”), literally “My father is Sin”.
- a male given nameComposed of ܐܲܒ݂ܝܼ (aḇī, “my father”) + ܫܵܠܸܡ (šālim, “(he) makes peace”), literally “My father makes peace”.
▸ 1 derivation
- relatedܐܲܒ݂ܫܵܠܘܿܡaḇšālōm
Hebrew
he · 8 lemmas- a diminutive of the male given names אַבְרָהָם (avrahám) or אַבְנֵר (avnér)
- singular construct state form of אָב (áv): father of.
- spring (the season of the year in temperate regions in which temperatures and daylight hours rise, and plants spring from the ground and into bloom and dormant animals spring to life)From the root meaning "to be thick," "to swell," or "to ripen." Possible cognate to Arabic أَبّ (ʔabb, “pasture, herbage”). Not related to Coptic ⲉⲡⲏⲡ (epēp, “November”), a false friend.
▸ 2 derivations
- derivedאֲבִיבִיaviví
- derivedתֵּל אָבִיבTel Avív
- a male given nameFrom the root meaning "to be thick," "to swell," or "to ripen." Possible cognate to Arabic أَبّ (ʔabb, “pasture, herbage”). Not related to Coptic ⲉⲡⲏⲡ (epēp, “November”), a false friend.
- a male or female given name. The name of several Israelites; Abiah, AbijahFrom אָבִי יָהּ (ʾāḇī yāh, “Jah is my father”).
- singular form of אָב (av) with second-person masculine singular personal pronoun as possessor.
- singular form of אָב (av) with second-person feminine singular personal pronoun as possessor.
- mighty, valiant
▸ 2 derivations
- derivedאַבִּירוּתabirút
- relatedפָּרָשׁparash
Arabic
ar · 2 lemmas- to deny, refuse, reject
- verbal noun of أَبَى (ʔabā) (form I)
Tigrinya
ti · 1 lemma- where