ʾ b n
19 lemmas · 10 languages
hamzatedContains ʾ (glottal stop) in position 1 or 3. Glottal stops assimilate or elide in many inflections, producing irregular surface forms.📜 Gen.31.45
Themes:stone· حَجَر · אֶבֶן·7rock·4stones· حِجَارَة · אֲבָנִים·2material·2piece·2
POS shape:noun·16verb·2root·1
This root is attested across 10 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*ʾ-b-nProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Ugariticʾabnu𐎀 𐎁 𐎐— stone
Canaanite
Hebrewאֶבֶןא ב ן— stone (a piece of such material: a rock or a pebble)
Phoenician𐤀𐤁𐤍𐤀 𐤁 𐤍— stone
Punic𐤀𐤁𐤍𐤀 𐤁 𐤍— stone, rock
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicאַבְנָאא ב נ— rock, stone (material)
Syriacܐܒܢܐܐ ܒ ܢ— rock, stone (substance or piece)
Arabic
Arabicأَبَّنَء ب ن— to eulogize, to pay homage to a dead person, to commemorate the times of
South Semitic
Old South Arabian
Sabaean𐩱𐩨𐩬𐩱 𐩨 𐩬— stones
Ethio-Semitic
Ge'ezአቡነአ በ ነ— our father
Amharicአቡነአ በ ነ— bishop
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Ugaritic
irregular reflexug · 1 lemma- stoneFrom Proto-Semitic *ʾabn-.
Phoenician
irregular reflexphn · 1 lemma- stone
Punic
irregular reflexpun · 1 lemma- stone, rock
Sabaean
irregular reflexsab · 1 lemma- stones
Imperial Aramaic
arc · 1 lemma- rock, stone (material)From Proto-Semitic *ʾabn-.
Classical Syriac
syc · 1 lemma- rock, stone (substance or piece)From Proto-Semitic *ʾabn-.
Hebrew
he · 5 lemmas- stone (a piece of such material: a rock or a pebble)From Proto-Semitic *ʔabn-, from Proto-Afroasiatic *ʔabun-.
▸ 5 derivations
- derivedאֶבֶן הַחֲכָמִיםéven ha-khakhamím
- derivedאֶבֶן הָרֹאשָׁהéven haroshá
- derivedאֶבֶן מַשְׁחֶזֶתéven mashkhézet
- derivedאֶבֶן תְּקוּמָהéven t'kumá
- derivedאַבְנָןavnán
- lithium (the simplest alkali metal, the lightest solid element, and the third lightest chemical element (symbol Li) with an atomic number of 3 and atomic weight of 6.94)From אֶבֶן (éven, “stone”) + ־ן (-n).
- scale, limescale
- ibnFrom Arabic اِبْن (ibn).
- Related to stones.Presumably denominative from אֶבֶן (éven, “stone”), eventually from Proto-Semitic *ʔabn-.
Arabic
ar · 5 lemmas- to eulogize, to pay homage to a dead person, to commemorate the times ofDenominal verb of إِبَّان (ʔibbān, “time”).
- to follow step by step
- Judeo-Arabic spelling of اِبْن (ibn, “son”)
- ebony (Diospyros ebenum tree and wood)Borrowed from Classical Persian آبْنُوس (ābnūs), Middle Persian ʾpnws (abnūs), from Ancient Greek ἔβενος (ébenos), from Egyptian hbnj (“ebony”).
- apneumone
Ge'ez
gez · 2 lemmas- our father
- stoneFrom Proto-Semitic *ʔabn-.
Amharic
am · 1 lemma- bishop