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ʾ y t

21 lemmas · 7 languages
hamzatedContains ʾ (glottal stop) in position 1 or 3. Glottal stops assimilate or elide in many inflections, producing irregular surface forms.T Gen.4.14
Themes:essence·4substance·4including·3personal·3pronoun·3
POS shape:noun·7verb·5prep·4other·1proper noun·1adv·1suffix·1name·1

This root is attested across 7 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.

Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family

*ʾ-w-tProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Canaanite
Hebrewאֻיַּתא י תto be spelled/spelt
Phoenician𐤀𐤉𐤕𐤀 𐤉 𐤕
Punic𐤀𐤉𐤕𐤍𐤌𐤀 𐤉 𐤕}}
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicאִיתא י תthere is, there are
Syriacܐܝܬܐ ܝ ܬthere is/are
Assyrian NAܐܝܼܬ݂ܐ ܝ ܬthere is/are
South Semitic
Ethio-Semitic
Amharicአያትአ የ ተgrandfather

Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.

Phoenician

irregular reflexphn · 1 lemma

Punic

irregular reflexpun · 1 lemma

Imperial Aramaic

arc · 3 lemmas
  • ʾīṯprepinferred𐡀 tg. Onk. Gen 18:24Wiktionary ↗
    there is, there are
  • ʾittǝṯānouninferred𐡀 tg. Jer. Num 5:22Wiktionary ↗
    woman
    From Proto-Semitic *ʾanθ-at-. Cognate with Ugaritic 𐎀𐎘𐎚 (ảṯt), Hebrew אִשָּׁה (isháh), Arabic أُنْثَى (ʔunṯā). In Old Aramaic the construct state is אשת (ʾšt), pointing towards the earlier realization of the first /t/ as a fricative /θ/. Moreover, the nasal found in other Semitic languages assimilated to the…
  • nouninferredWiktionary ↗
    essence, substance

Classical Syriac

syc · 3 lemmas
  • ʾīṯverbinferredWiktionary ↗
    there is/are
    Compare Aramaic אִית (ʾîṯ), Hebrew יֵשׁ (yēš).
    6 derivations
  • nouninferredWiktionary ↗
    essence, entity, being, existing, substance
    Modified from ܐܝܬ (ʾīṯ). Compare Aramaic אית (e(j)ṯ).
  • nouninferredWiktionary ↗
    essence, substance
    From ܐܝܬ (ʾīṯ) + -ܘܬܐ (-ūṯā, abstract noun ending). Compare Hebrew יֵשׁוּת (yēšûṯ).
    1 derivation

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

aii · 4 lemmas
  • īṯadvinferredWiktionary ↗
    there is/are
    Inherited from Aramaic אִית (ʾîṯ); cognate with Hebrew יֵשׁ (yésh), Akkadian 𒌇 (išûm), Ugaritic 𐎛𐎘 (ỉṯ, “presence, existence”).
    2 derivations
  • īṯ-suffixinferredWiktionary ↗
    Used to form adverbs from nouns or adjectives
    Derived from the feminine adjective ending -ܵܝܬܵܐ (-āytā).
  • īṯyānouninferredWiktionary ↗
    entity, being
    Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac, nominalized from the adverb ܐܝܼܬ݂ (īṯ, “there is”).
  • īṯūṯānouninferredWiktionary ↗
    existence, essence, substance
    Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac, from ܐܝܼܬ݂ (īṯ, “there is/are”) + -ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (-ūṯā, the abstract noun ending); compare Hebrew יֵשׁוּת (yeshút).

Hebrew

he · 8 lemmas
  • uyátverbattestedWiktionary ↗
    to be spelled/spelt
  • iyétverbattestedWiktionary ↗
    to spell (as a word)
  • iyétverbinferredWiktionary ↗
    defective spelling of איית
  • uyátverbinferredWiktionary ↗
    defective spelling of אוית
  • itáhprepinferredWiktionary ↗
    Form of אֶת (ét) including third-person feminine singular personal pronoun as object.
  • itóprepinferredWiktionary ↗
    Form of אֶת (ét) including third-person masculine singular personal pronoun as object.
  • itíprepinferredT Gen.4.14Wiktionary ↗
    Form of אֶת (ét) including first-person singular personal pronoun as object: with me.
  • itaynameinferredT 1Chr.11.31Wiktionary ↗
    a male given name, Itai or Itay

Amharic

am · 1 lemma

Related rootsshare 2 of 3 consonants with ʾ-y-t

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