z m n
25 lemmas · 7 languages
soundAll three consonants are regularT Neh.2.6
Themes:time·12invite·2long·2ago·2tense·2
POS shape:noun·13verb·5adj·4root·1adv·1prep_phrase·1
This root is attested across 7 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*z-m-nProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Canaanite
Hebrewזָמִיןז מ ן— available
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicזִמְנָאז מ נ— time
Assyrian NAܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐܙ ܡ ܢ— time (inevitable passing of events)
Arabic
Arabicزَمَانز م ن— time
South Semitic
Ethio-Semitic
Ge'ezዘመንዘ መ ነ— time
Amharicዘመንዘ መ ነ— time, period
Tigrinyaዘመንዘ መ ነ— age, epoch
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Imperial Aramaic
arc · 2 lemmas- timeAlready Imperial Aramaic 𐡆𐡌𐡍𐡀 (zmnʾ), borrowed from a late pronunciation of Old Persian *jamānā (“time”), reconstructible for Proto-Iranian *ǰámaHnaH.
- timeBorrowed from a late pronunciation of Old Persian *jamānā (“time”), much closer to Middle Persian 𐭥𐭣𐭭𐭠 (ODNA /zamān/), 𐭦𐭬𐭠𐭭𐭩(ẕmʾn' /zamān/), 𐭦𐭬𐭭𐭩 (zmn' /zamān/), 𐫉𐫖𐫀𐫗 (zmʾn/zamān/), reconstructible for Proto-Iranian *ǰámaHnaH.
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
aii · 3 lemmas- time (inevitable passing of events)From a variant of Aramaic זִמְנָא (zimnā), itself either from Old Persian *jamānā or Akkadian 𒋛𒈠𒉡 (si-ma-nu /simānu/) with the meaning of time as an abstract concept from Persian influence; compare Hebrew זְמַן (z'mán), Arabic زَمَان (zamān) and Persian زمان (zamân).
▸ 8 derivations
- derivedܒܟܠ ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐb-kul zaḇnā
- derivedܒܲܪ ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐbar zaḇnā
- derivedܙܒ݂ܲܢ݇ܬܵܐzḇattā
- derivedܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܝܵܐzaḇnāyā
- derivedܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܢܵܝܵܐzaḇnānāyā
- derivedܟܵܐܹܠ ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐkāˀēl zaḇnā
- derivedܡܲܫܘܹܐ ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐmašwē zaḇnā
- derivedܡܸܢ ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐmin zaḇnā
- to inviteFrom Aramaic זִמְנָא (zimnā, “set time, instance”) related to ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ (zaḇnā, “time”); cognate to Hebrew הִזְמִין (hizmín)
- forming words pertaining to timeSemi-denomnial root from ܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ (zaḇnā, “time”) and its older variant of Aramaic זִמְנָא (zimnā), itself either from Old Persian *jamānā or Akkadian simānu. Therefore compare Arabic ز م ن (z m n) and Hebrew ז־מ־ן (z-m-n).
▸ 8 derivations
- derivedVerbs
- derivedܙܲܡܸܢzammin
- derivedNouns
- derivedܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐzaḇnā
- derivedܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܢܵܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐzaḇnānāyūṯā
- derivedܙܡܝܼܢܘܼܬ݂ܵܐzmīnūṯā
- derivedܗܲܙܡܵܢܘܼܬ݂ܵܐhazmānūṯā
- derivedܡܸܬܬܲܙܡܵܢܘܼܬ݂ܵܐmittazmānūṯā
Hebrew
he · 8 lemmas- available
- plural construct state form of זְמַן
- Long ago, a long time ago.מִ־ (mi-) + זמן (z'mán)
- Masculine singular present participle and present tense of זֻמָּן (zumán), defective spelling.From the root ז־מ־ן in puál construction, noun follows from verb.
- defective spelling of מזומןFrom the root ז־מ־ן in puál construction, noun follows from verb.
- Masculine singular present participle and present tense of זימן / זִמֵּן (zimén).From the root ז־מ־ן in piél construction, see definition.
- at the time; at that time; in someone's timeFrom בְּ־ (b'-, “in”) + זְמַן־ (zmán-, “time of”) + ־וֹ (-ó, “its”).
- To invite.
▸ 1 derivation
- derivedמוזמןmuzmán
Arabic
ar · 8 lemmas- timeFrom a form of Aramaic 𐡆𐡌𐡍𐡀 (zmnʾ), from a late pronunciation of Old Persian *jamānā (“time”) (from which Middle Persian 𐫉𐫖𐫀𐫗 (zmʾn /zamān/), 𐭥𐭣𐭭𐭠 (ODNA /zamān/)), from Proto-Iranian *ǰámaHnaH, see there for more.
- chronically ill, especially from old age
- chronicOf the root ز م ن (z m n) from زَمَان (zamān, “time”).
- verbal noun of تَزَامَنَ (tazāmana) (form VI)
- timeBorrowed from another pronunciation in Aramaic than زَمَان (zamān).
▸ 1 derivation
- relatedزَمَانzamān
- temporal
- plural of زَمَن (zaman)
Ge'ez
gez · 1 lemma- timeBorrowed from Aramaic 𐡆𐡌𐡍𐡀 (zmnʾ).
▸ 1 derivation
- relatedዘመናዊzämänawi
Amharic
am · 2 lemmas- time, periodBorrowed from Aramaic 𐡆𐡌𐡍𐡀 (zmnʾ).
- modernFrom ዘመን (zämän).
Tigrinya
ti · 1 lemma- age, epochBorrowed from Aramaic 𐡆𐡌𐡍𐡀 (zmnʾ).