t m n
37 lemmas · 10 languages
soundAll three consonants are regular📜 Gen.36.11
Themes:eight· ثَمَانِيَة · שְׁמוֹנֶה·12eighty·4yonder·2eighteen·2hundred·2
POS shape:num·12noun·12verb·5numeral·4adv·2adj·1name·1
This root is attested across 10 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*t-m-nProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Canaanite
Hebrewתֵּימָןת מ נ— Teman (a region in Edom)
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicתַּמָּןת מ נ— there, yonder
Syriacܬܡܢܬ ܡ ܢ— there
Assyrian NAܡܬܲܡܸܢܬ ܡ ܢ— to octuple, to increase or multiply something by eight
Turoyoܬܡܢܝܬ ܡ ܢ— eighty
Western NAܬܡܢܬ ܡ ܢ
Arabic
Arabicتَمَنٍّت م ن— verbal noun of تَمَنَّى (tamannā) (form V)
South Semitic
Ethio-Semitic
Ge'ezተመንተ መ ነ— snake
Amharicተመንተ መ ነ— price, rate by which something is remunerated for obtaining it
Tigrinyaተመንተ መ ነ— snake
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Imperial Aramaic
arc · 8 lemmas- there, yonderForms ending in the original final /ʔ/ persist into Middle Aramaic, then are displaced with the final nasal. Related to Arabic ثَمَّ (ṯamma) and to Hebrew שם (šam).
- eight (8)
- feminine of תְּמָנְיָא (təmānəyā, “eight”)
- eight (8)From Proto-Semitic *ṯamāniy-.
- eightyCompare Hebrew שְׁמוֹנִים (sh'moním).
- eighty (80)
- eighteen
- eight hundred
Classical Syriac
syc · 3 lemmas- there
- southFrom ܝܡܝܢܐ (yammīnā, “right side”), south being the direction to one's right side when facing the sunrise.
- South Ossetia
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
aii · 8 lemmas- to octuple, to increase or multiply something by eightDenominal verb derived from the numeral ܬܡܵܢܝܵܐ (tmānyā, “eight”)
- eighth (8th)Of the pattern 12ī3āyā or ܬܡܵܢܝܵܐ (tmānyā, “eight”) + -ܝܐ (-āyā, the attributive adjective ending)
- alternative form of ܬܲܡܵܐ (tammā, “there, yonder”)Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac; doublet of ܬܲܡܵܐ (tammā) directly inherited.
- feminine of ܬܡܵܢܝܵܐ (tmānyā) eight (8)Inherited from Aramaic תְּמָנֶא (tmānē), from Proto-Semitic *ṯamāniyat-; compare Arabic ثَمَانٍ (ṯamānin) and Hebrew שְׁמוֹנֶה (sh'moné).
- eight (8)From Aramaic תְּמָנְיָא (təmānəyā), from Proto-Semitic *ṯamāniy-; compare Arabic ثَمَانِيَة (ṯamāniya), Hebrew שְׁמוֹנָה (sh'moná) and Akkadian 𒐍 (samānat).
- eighty (80)From Aramaic תְּמָנִין (təmānʿīn), from Proto-Semitic *θamāniyū-; compare Arabic ثَمَانُونَ (ṯamānūna) and Hebrew שְׁמוֹנִים (sh'moním).
- masculine construct state of ܬܡܵܢܝܵܐ (tmānyā, “eight”)
- eight hundred (800)Inherited from Aramaic תְּמָנֵמְאָא (təmāneməʾā), by surface analysis, ܬܡܵܢܝܵܐ (tmānyā, “eight”) + ܐܸܡܐܵܐ (imˀā, “hundred”).
Hebrew
he · 4 lemmas- Teman (a region in Edom)
- octagonFormed by applying the Hebrew pattern מְקֻטָּל (“-gon”) to the Aramaic borrowing תְּמַנְיָא (tmanya, “eight”).
- octopus (any of several marine molluscs of the order Octopoda, having no internal or external protective shell or bone (unlike the nautilus, squid and cuttlefish) and eight arms each covered with suckers)Blend of Aramaic תְּמַנְיָא (tmanya, “eight”) + נון (nun, “fish”).
- high tea, afternoon tea
Arabic
ar · 6 lemmas- verbal noun of تَمَنَّى (tamannā) (form V)
- vitamin CBorrowed from English vitamin C.
Ge'ez
gez · 1 lemma- snakeProbably regularized from Arabic تَنِّين (tannīn).
Amharic
am · 1 lemma- price, rate by which something is remunerated for obtaining itBorrowed from Arabic ثَمَن (ṯaman).
Tigrinya
ti · 1 lemma- snakeProbably regularized from Arabic تَنِّين (tannīn).
Turoyo
tru · 3 lemmas- eighty
- eight
- eighteen
Western Neo-Aramaic
amw · 2 lemmas- eight