w l d
31 lemmas · 8 languages
I-weakFirst consonant is w or y. In Arabic these often elide in the imperfect (w-ṣ-l → yaṣilu 'arrives'). Hebrew roots in pe-yod/pe-waw.• mu'allaqa of Zuhayr ibn Abi Sulma
Themes:birth·10child·6childbirth·4born·3boy·3
POS shape:noun·17verb·11adj·2name·1
This root is attested across 8 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*w-l-dProto-Semitic
East Semitic
Akkadianwalādumw l d— to give birth
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Aramaic
Syriacܐܬܝܠܕܘ ܠ ܕ— to be born
Assyrian NAܝܵܠܹܕ݂ܘ ܠ ܕ— to birth; to give birth
Arabic
Arabicوَلَدَو ل د— to bear, to beget
South Semitic
Old South Arabian
OSA𐩥𐩡𐩵𐩥 𐩡 𐩵— child
Ethio-Semitic
Ge'ezወልድወ ለ ደ— son, child
Amharicወለደወ ለ ደ— to give birth to
Tigrinyaወላዲወ ለ ደ— parent
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Akkadian
akk · 2 lemmas- to give birthFrom Proto-Semitic *walad-. Cognate with Arabic وَلَدَ (walada) and Biblical Hebrew יָלַד (yɔlaḏ).
- begetter, birth giving, (mother) who bore, real (father/mother), progenitor/progenitressParticiple of 𒉿𒆷𒁺𒌝 (walādum). Cognate with Arabic وَالِد (wālid) and Biblical Hebrew יֹלֵד (yoléḏ, “he who begets”).
Old South Arabian
irregular reflexosa · 1 lemma- child
Classical Syriac
syc · 7 lemmas- to be born
- parentCompare Arabic وَالِد (wālid).
- child, infant, young boyCompare Hebrew יָלוּד (yālûḏ).
- birth, nativityFrom the root ܘ ܠ ܕ related to bearing children. Compare Arabic مَوْلِد (mawlid) and Hebrew מוֹלָד (môlāḏ).
- child, infant, young girlCompare Hebrew יְלוּדָה (yəlûḏâ).
- childhood, infancyFrom ܝܠܘܕܐ (yallūḏā, “child”), from the root ܘ ܠ ܕ related to bearing children + the abstract noun ending -ܘܬܐ (-ūṯā).
- childbirth, birthFrom the root ܘ ܠ ܕ related to bearing children.
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
aii · 8 lemmas- to birth; to give birthFrom Aramaic יְלַד (yəlaḏ), from Proto-Semitic *walad-; compare Arabic وَلَدَ (walada), Akkadian 𒅇𒌅 (walādum), Hebrew יָלַד (yālaḏ) and Ugaritic 𐎊𐎍𐎄 (yld).
- construct state singular of ܝܲܠܕܵܐ (yaldā, “boy; childbirth, delivery”)See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
- a boy, male childInherited from Aramaic יַלְדָּא (yalədā), from Proto-Semitic *walad-; compare Arabic وَلَد (walad) and Hebrew יֶלֶד (yéled). The initial noun is borrowed from Arabic عِيَال (ʕiyāl, “children”) with a semantic matching with Classical Syriac, and may be considered a separate word as a learned borrowing from Classical…
▸ 1 derivation
- derivedܝܲܠܕܘܿyaldō
- a male given nameInherited from Aramaic יַלְדָּא (yalədā), from Proto-Semitic *walad-; compare Arabic وَلَد (walad) and Hebrew יֶלֶד (yéled). The initial noun is borrowed from Arabic عِيَال (ʕiyāl, “children”) with a semantic matching with Classical Syriac, and may be considered a separate word as a learned borrowing from Classical…
- to beget, sire; to make children to, to cause to give birthCausative stem of the verb ܝܵܠܹܕ݂ (yālēḏ, “to give birth”); compare Hebrew הוֹלִיד (holíd) and Arabic أَوْلَدَ (ʔawlada).
- to deliver a baby, to assist in childbirth (as a midwife)Intensitive stem of the verb ܝܵܠܹܕ݂ (yālēḏ, “to give birth”); compare Hebrew יִלֵּד (yiléd) and Arabic وَلَّدَ (wallada).
- used to refer to someone’s birth in formal contexts, biographies, gravestones, etc.Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac, Literally, “he was born”, from the older form ܐܸܬ݂ܝܠܸܕ݂.
- girl, female childDerived as a feminine form of ܝܲܠܕܵܐ (yaldā, “boy, male child”) which has a variant also proposed to be borrowed from Arabic عِيَال (ʕiyāl, “children”); compare Hebrew יַלְדָּה (yaldá).
Arabic
ar · 8 lemmas- to bear, to begetFrom Proto-Semitic *walad-.
- to assist in childbirth (as a midwife)Form-II intensive/causative of وَلَدَ (walada, “to give birth”).
- to be about to give birth
- to be born, to originate
- verbal noun of تَوَلَّدَ (tawallada) (form V)
- verbal noun of وَلَدَ (walada) (form I)Noun of place respectively verbal noun from the root و ل د (w l d). Compare Hebrew מוֹלֶדֶת (molédet, mōléḏeṯ).
- begetterDerived from the active participle from وَلَّدَ (wallada).
- born, begottenDerived from the passive participle from وَلَّدَ (wallada).
Ge'ez
gez · 2 lemmas- son, childFrom Proto-Semitic *walad- Compare Arabic وَلَد (walad, “child”), وَلَدَ (walada, “to give birth”), Hebrew יֶלֶד.
- plural of ወልድ (wäld)
Amharic
am · 2 lemmas- to give birth to
- interest
Tigrinya
ti · 1 lemma- parent