k t m
22 lemmas · 8 languages
soundAll three consonants are regularT Num.14.45
Themes:orange·4stain·3katama·2conceal·2suppress·2
POS shape:noun·12verb·6adj·4
This root is attested across 8 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*k-t-mProto-Semitic
East Semitic
Akkadiankitûmk t m— flax
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Canaanite
Hebrewכֶּתֶםכ ת ם— stain
Aramaic
Syriacܟܘܬܡܬܐܟ ܬ ܡ— spot, mark, stain
Arabic
Arabicتَكْتُمُك ت م
South Semitic
Old South Arabian
OSA𐩫𐩩𐩣𐩫 𐩩 𐩣— gold
Ethio-Semitic
Ge'ezከተማከ ተ መ— extremity, fine, end
Amharicከተማከ ተ መ— military camp, garrison, cantonment
Tigrinyaከተማከ ተ መ— city, town
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Akkadian
akk · 2 lemmas- flaxFrom Sumerian 𒃰 (gada).
- reed matFrom Sumerian 𒄀𒆤 (ᵍⁱkid /kid/).
Old South Arabian
irregular reflexosa · 1 lemma- gold
Classical Syriac
syc · 1 lemma- spot, mark, stainFrom the root ܟ ܬ ܡ related to staining.
Hebrew
he · 7 lemmas- stain
- orangeFrom the root כ־ת־ם.
- orange (the colour of a ripe fruit of an orange tree, midway between red and yellow)From the root כ־ת־ם.
- to stain, discolor
- orangishPartial reduplication of כָּתֹם.
- defective spelling of כתום (“orange”).
- third-person masculine plural vav-consecutive imperfect (hence past tense) of הֵכֵת (hekhét), with a third-person masculine plural pronoun suffixed as direct object.
Arabic
ar · 8 lemmas- secretive, concealing, discreet, reticent
- verbal noun of كَتَمَ (katama) (form I)
- A species of boxwood, Buxus dioica, used in Yemen with henna to dye hair reddishCompare Hebrew כְּתַם (katham, “to mark, to seal”).
- to conceal, to suppress, to repress, to hide, to restrain, to dampCompare Hebrew כְּתַם (katham, “to mark, to seal”).
- to conceal, to suppress, to repress, to hide, to restrain, to dampCompare Hebrew כְּתַם (katham, “to mark, to seal”).
- verbal noun of كَتَمَ (katama) (form I)Compare Hebrew כְּתַם (katham, “to mark, to seal”).
Ge'ez
gez · 1 lemma- extremity, fine, endCompare Sanskrit कोट्ट (koṭṭa), कोट (koṭa), and the suspected Sanskrit borrowings Telugu కోట (kōṭa), Kannada ಕೋಟೆ (kōṭe), Malayalam കോട്ട (kōṭṭa), Tamil கோட்டை (kōṭṭai), all meaning a fortification. Though Ludolf and Dillmann consider the Geʿez in this meaning a vulgar development or Amharism of “extremity, fine; tip,…
Amharic
am · 1 lemma- military camp, garrison, cantonment
Tigrinya
ti · 1 lemma- city, town