t l m
27 lemmas · 7 languages
soundAll three consonants are regularT Josh.15.14
Themes:student·6disciple·5furrow·3teaching·2education·2
POS shape:noun·18adj·4name·3verb·2
This root is attested across 7 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*t-l-mProto-Semitic
East Semitic
Akkadianeṭlumt l m— young man, youth
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Ugaritic𐎚𐎍𐎎𐎚 𐎍 𐎎— furrow
Canaanite
Hebrewתֶּלֶםת ל מ— a furrow, a ridge (a bank or terrace)
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicתלמידאת ל מ— student, disciple
Syriacܬܠܡܝܕܐܬ ܠ ܡ— student, disciple, follower
Assyrian NAܬܲܠܡܵܐܬ ܠ ܡ— jug, pitcher (wide-mouthed vessel with ear handle)
Arabic
Arabicتَلَمت ل م— furrow, streak
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Akkadian
akk · 3 lemmas- young man, youthUnknown
- mound, heap, tellFrom Proto-Semitic *tall- (hill). Cognate with Arabic تَلّ (tall) and Biblical Hebrew תֵּל (tel).
- apprentice, studentFrom 𒍪 (lamādum, “to learn”).
Ugaritic
irregular reflexug · 1 lemma- furrowCompare Hebrew תֶּלֶם (télem), Arabic ثلم (/ṯalm/),
Imperial Aramaic
arc · 3 lemmas- student, disciple
- student, disciple
- teaching, education
Classical Syriac
syc · 3 lemmas- student, disciple, followerFrom Akkadian 𒊑𒈪𒁺 (talmīdu, “apprentice”). Compare Arabic تِلْمِيذ (tilmīḏ) and Hebrew תַּלְמִיד (talmîḏ).
- student, disciple, followerFrom Akkadian 𒊑𒈪𒁺 (talmīdu, “apprentice”). Compare Arabic تِلْمِيذَة (tilmīḏa) and Hebrew תַּלְמִידָה (talmîḏâ).
- teaching, educationFrom ܬܠܡܝܕܐ (talmīḏā, “disciple”), from Akkadian 𒊑𒈪𒁺 (/talmīdu/, “apprentice”) + the abstract noun ending -ܘܬܐ (-ūṯā).
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
aii · 1 lemma- jug, pitcher (wide-mouthed vessel with ear handle)
Hebrew
he · 8 lemmas- a furrow, a ridge (a bank or terrace)See Arabic ثَلْم (ṯalm),
- Talmai, one of several biblical figuresPerhaps related to תֶּלֶם (télem, “furrow, ridge”). Later associated with Ancient Greek Πτολεμαῖος (Ptolemaîos).
- Psalms
- thallium (a metallic chemical element (symbol Tl) with atomic number 81: a gray post-transition metal that discolors when exposed to air)
- A (male) student, pupil, disciple.From Akkadian 𒊑𒈪𒁺 (talmīdu). Cognate with Aramaic תלמידא (talmīḏā).
▸ 2 derivations
- derivedתַּלְמִיד חָבֵרtalmíd khavér
- derivedתַּלְמִיד חָכָםtalmíd khakhám
- thulium (a metallic chemical element (symbol Tm) with atomic number 69: a fairly soft, easily workable metal with a bright silvery-gray lustre)
- Talmudic
- plural of תַּלְמִיד
Arabic
ar · 8 lemmas- furrow, streak
- TalmudFrom Hebrew תַּלְמוּד (talmúd, “learning”). Related to تِلْمِيذ (tilmīḏ, “pupil; disciple”), another loanword.
- Tlemcen (a city in Algeria)Of Berber origin, but the components were intransparent to medieval Berber speakers already.
▸ 1 derivation
- derivedتِلِمْسَانِيّtilimsāniyy
- Talmudicالتَّلْمُود (at-talmūd) + ـِيّ (-iyy).
- feminine singular of تَلْمُودِيّ (talmūdiyy)
- masculine plural of تَلْمُودِيّ (talmūdiyy)