f r t
18 lemmas · 7 languages
soundAll three consonants are regularT Gen.2.14
Themes:euphrates·4
POS shape:noun·9name·6verb·2adj·1
This root is attested across 7 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*p-r-tProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Canaanite
Hebrewפְּרָתפ ר ת— Euphrates
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicפרתפ ר ת— to burst, split
Syriacܦܘܪܬܥܢܐܦ ܪ ܬ— flea (insect)
Assyrian NAܦܪܵܬ݂ܦ ܪ ܬ— Euphrates (a river in West Asia, 2780 kilometers in length, flowing southwest from Turkey, then southeast, and uniting with the Tigris before entering the Persian Gulf)
Arabic
Arabicفُرَاتِيّف ر ت— Euphratean
South Semitic
Ethio-Semitic
Amharicመፍራትፈ ረ ተ— to fear
Tigrinyaፍሩታፈ ረ ተ— fruit
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Imperial Aramaic
arc · 2 lemmas- to burst, split
- Euphrates
Classical Syriac
syc · 1 lemma- flea (insect)From Proto-Semitic *purḡūṯ- (“flea”).
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
aii · 3 lemmas- Euphrates (a river in West Asia, 2780 kilometers in length, flowing southwest from Turkey, then southeast, and uniting with the Tigris before entering the Persian Gulf)From Aramaic פְּרָת (pərāṯ), from Akkadian 𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣 (purattu), itself from Sumerian 𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣 (^(ÍD)Buranun, literally “having good fords”); cognate to Arabic الْفُرَات (al-furāt), Hebrew פְּרָת (p'rát), Old Persian 𐎢𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎬𐎢 (ʰUfrātuš) and Elamite 𒌑𒅁𒊏𒌅𒅖 (ú-ip-ra-tu-iš).
- dandruffInherited from Aramaic [Term?]
- rush, bulrush, reedCompare Old Armenian պրտու (prtu, “paper reed”).
Hebrew
he · 7 lemmas- EuphratesFrom Aramaic פְּרָת (pərāṯ), from Akkadian 𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣 (purattu), itself from Sumerian 𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣 (^(ÍD)Buranun, literally “having good fords”); related to Arabic الْفُرَات (al-furāt), Old Persian 𐎢𐎳𐎼𐎠𐎬𐎢 (ʰUfrātuš) and Elamite 𒌑𒅁𒊏𒌅𒅖 (ú-ip-ra-tu-iš).
- singular construct state form of פָּרָה (pará): cow of
- a female given name, Ephrath, Efrath, or Efrat
- plural indefinite form of פְּרִי
- plural indefinite form of פָּרָה
- Poratha, one of the ten sons of Haman
- ladybird, ladybugFrom פָּרָה (pará, “cow”) + מֹשֶׁה (moshé, “Moses”) + רַבֵּנוּ (rabénu, “our teacher”).
Arabic
ar · 3 lemmas- EuphrateanFrom الْفُرَات (al-furāt, “Euphrates”) + ـِيّ (-iyy).
- plural of وَفْر (wafr)
- the EuphratesUltimately from Akkadian 𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣 (^(ÍD<)Purattu).
Amharic
am · 1 lemma- to fear
Tigrinya
ti · 1 lemma- fruitBorrowed from Italian frutta.