ʿ l y
24 lemmas · 8 languages
III-weakThird consonant is w or y. The weak consonant often disappears in the perfect (r-m-y → ramā 'threw'). Known as lamed-he in Hebrew, tertiae infirmae.T Gen.20.9
Themes:upper·5personal·4pronoun·4including·3object·3
POS shape:noun·8verb·6adj·5prep·4name·1
This root is attested across 8 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*ʿ-l-wProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Ugaritic𐎓𐎍𐎊𐎓 𐎍 𐎊— to ascend, go up, come up
Canaanite
Hebrewעִלִּיע ל י— upper
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicעליאע ל י— upper
Syriacܥܠܝܥ ܠ ܝ— a male given name, equivalent to English Ali
Assyrian NAܡܫܲܥܠܹܐܥ ܠ ܝ— to prefer, favor
Arabic
Arabicعَالٍع ل ي— active participle of عَلَا (ʕalā) or active participle of عَلِيَ (ʕaliya).
South Semitic
Old South Arabian
OSA𐩲𐩡𐩺𐩲 𐩡 𐩺— to ascend
Ethio-Semitic
Tigrinyaማእለያዐ ለ የ— limit, cutoff.
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Ugaritic
irregular reflexug · 1 lemma- to ascend, go up, come up
Old South Arabian
irregular reflexosa · 1 lemma- to ascend
Imperial Aramaic
arc · 3 lemmas- upper
- An upper story, chamber, or room.
- upper
Classical Syriac
syc · 1 lemma- a male given name, equivalent to English AliFrom Arabic علي (ʕaliyy)
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
aii · 1 lemma- to prefer, favorShaphel stem of the verb ܥܵܠܹܐ (ˁālē, “to be elevated, uppermost”).
Hebrew
he · 8 lemmas- upper
- plural construct state form of עָלֶה
- =עַל יְדֵי־ (ál y'déi-, “by (an agent)”)
- Form of עַל (al) including third-person feminine singular personal pronoun as object.
- defective spelling of עלייה
- plural form of עָלֶה with third-person masculine singular personal pronoun as possessor: its leaves
- Form of על (al) including third-person masculine singular personal pronoun as object: on him/it, etc
- Form of עַל including first-person singular personal pronoun as object, excessive spelling.
Arabic
ar · 8 lemmas- active participle of عَلَا (ʕalā) or active participle of عَلِيَ (ʕaliya).Derived from the active participle of the verb form I from the root ع ل ي (ʕ l y).
- The upper part of somethingDerived from the active participle of the verb form I from the root ع ل ي (ʕ l y).
- to be exalted, highCognate with Hebrew עָלָה (ʿālã́).
- to be exalted, highUltimately from Proto-Semitic *ʕall-, *ʕaly- (“to be high; exalted”), from Proto-Afroasiatic *ʕal-, *ʕVl(ay)- (“to be high, tall; to rise, ascend”).
▸ 8 derivations
- derivedعَلَوِيّʕalawiyy
- relatedحَيْدَرḥaydar
- relatedحَيْدَرَةḥaydara
- relatedيَا عَلِيّyā ʕaliyy
- relatedيَا عَلِيّ مَدَدyā ʕaliyy madad
- relatedعَلَيْهِ السَّلَامʕalayhi s-salām
- relatedكَرَّمَ اللهُ وَجْهَهkarrama llāhu wajhah
- relatedأَبُو الْحَسَنʔabū l-ḥasan
- verbal noun of عَلَى (ʕalā) (form I)
- elative degree of عَالٍ (ʕālin) and عَلِيّ (ʕaliyy):Morphologically from the root ع ل ي (ʕ l y).
- highest part, topMorphologically from the root ع ل ي (ʕ l y).
Tigrinya
ti · 1 lemma- limit, cutoff.