t š ʿ
29 lemmas · 7 languages
soundAll three consonants are regularT Gen.5.5
Themes:nine· تِسْعَة · תֵּשַׁע·13nineteen·5ninety·4hundred·3sar·2
POS shape:num·21numeral·4adj·2name·1noun·1
This root is attested across 7 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*t-š-ʿProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Ugaritic𐎚𐎌𐎓𐎚 𐎌 𐎓— feminine of 𐎚𐎌𐎓𐎚 (tšʿt /tišʿatu/)
Canaanite
Hebrewתִּשְׁעָהת שׁ ע— nine
Punic𐤕𐤔𐤏𐤕 𐤔 𐤏
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicתְּשַׁעת ש ע— feminine of תִּשְׁעָא (tišʿā, “nine”)
Assyrian NAܬܫܝܼܥܵܝܵܐܬ ܫ ܥ— ninth (9th)
Turoyoܬܫܥܐܬ ܫ ܥ— nine
Arabic
Arabicتَشْعِيبت ش ع— verbal noun of شَعَّبَ (šaʕʕaba) (form II)
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Ugaritic
irregular reflexug · 2 lemmas- feminine of 𐎚𐎌𐎓𐎚 (tšʿt /tišʿatu/)
- nineFrom Proto-Semitic *tišʿ-. Cognate with Arabic تِسْعَة (tisʕa) and Biblical Hebrew תִּשְׁעָה (tišʿâ).
Punic
irregular reflexpun · 1 lemmaImperial Aramaic
arc · 6 lemmas- feminine of תִּשְׁעָא (tišʿā, “nine”)
- nine (9)From Proto-Semitic *tišʿ-.
- ninety (90)Compare Hebrew תִּשְׁעִים (tish'ím).
- nineteen (19)Compare Hebrew תִּשְׁעָה עָשָׂר (tish'á 'asár).
- nine hundred
- feminine of תְּשַׁעְסַר (təšaʿəsar, “nineteen”)
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
aii · 8 lemmas- ninth (9th)Of the pattern 12ī3āyā or ܬܸܫܥܵܐ (tišˁā, “nine”) + -ܵܝܵܐ (-āyā, the attributive adjective ending)
- feminine of ܬܸܫܥܵܐ (tišˁā) nine (9)From Aramaic תְּשַׁע (təšaʿ), from Proto-Semitic *tišʕat-; compare Arabic تِسْع (tisʕ) and Hebrew תֵּשַׁע (tésha').
- nine (9)From Aramaic תִּשְׁעָא (tišʿā), from Proto-Semitic *tišʕ-; compare Arabic تِسْعَة (tisʕa), Hebrew תִּשְׁעָה (tish'á) and Akkadian 𒑆 (tišīt).
- masculine construct state of ܬܸܫܥܵܐ (tišˁā, “nine”)
- ninety (90)From Aramaic תֵּשְׁעִין (tešʿīn), from Proto-Semitic *tišʕū-; compare Arabic تِسْعُون (tisʕūn) and Hebrew תִּשְׁעִים (tish'ím).
- nineteen (19)From Aramaic תְשַעְסַר (tšaʿsar).
- nine hundred (900)Inherited from Aramaic תְּשַׁעְמְאָא (təšaməʾā), by surface analysis, ܬܸܫܥܵܐ (tišˁā, “nine”) + ܐܸܡܐܵܐ (imˀā, “hundred”).
- feminine of ܬܸܫܲܥܣܲܪ (tiššaˁsar) nineteen (19)From Aramaic תְּשַׁעֵסְרֶא (təšaʿesrē).
Hebrew
he · 8 lemmas- nineFrom Proto-Semitic *tišʿ-.
- ninth
- feminine of תִּשְׁעָה (tish'á, “nine”)
- masculine construct state of תִּשְׁעָה (tish'á, “nine”)
- ninetyInherited from Proto-Semitic *tišʿū-. Cognate with Arabic تِسْعُونَ (tisʕūna).
- nine hundred (900)
- feminine of תִּשְׁעָה עָשָׂר
- Tisha B'Av (an annual day of fasting, associated with a number of disasters in Jewish history)
Arabic
ar · 1 lemma- verbal noun of شَعَّبَ (šaʕʕaba) (form II)
Turoyo
tru · 3 lemmas- nine
- ninety
- nineteen