m s k
27 lemmas · 7 languages
soundAll three consonants are regularT Exod.13.20
Themes:poor·5hold·5poverty·3clutch·3dependent·2
POS shape:noun·15verb·8adj·4
This root is attested across 7 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*m-s-kProto-Semitic
East Semitic
Akkadianmaškanumm s k— threshing floor
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Ugaritic𐎎𐎒𐎋𐎎 𐎒 𐎋— mixed drink, mead
Canaanite
Hebrewמָסַךְמ ס ך— to mix, produce by mixing
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicמסכןמ ס כ— to be poor
Syriacܡܣܘܟܐܡ ܣ ܟ— alternative reconstruction of ܡܝܣܘܟܐ (maysūkā)
Turoyoܡܣܟܝܢܐܡ ܣ ܟ— poor, peasant
Arabic
Arabicمَسَكَم س ك— to grab, grasp, clutch, clasp, seize, take hold
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Akkadian
akk · 3 lemmas- threshing floorFrom šakānum (“to put”).
- commoner, dependent (a class of people dependent or reliant on others, unable to provide supplies on their own)Derived from the participle of 𒆠𒍝𒍝 (šukênum, “to prostrate oneself”).
- a musukkannu tree (a type of tree and its wood imported from the East)Possibly from Sumerian 𒄑𒈩𒈣𒃶𒈾 (^(g̃eš)mes-ma₂-gan-na /mesmaganak/, “a kind of tree”, literally “mes tree from (the region of) Magan”).
Ugaritic
irregular reflexug · 2 lemmas- mixed drink, mead
- to mix, combine
Imperial Aramaic
arc · 5 lemmas- to be poor
- poor
- text
- poor
- poverty
Classical Syriac
syc · 6 lemmas- alternative reconstruction of ܡܝܣܘܟܐ (maysūkā)
- kind of waterbird similar to a duck, (possibly) a kind of wagtailCompare Persian ماسوچه (mâsuča), ماچوچه (mâčuča, “tippler, turtledove”), Dari موسیچه (mūšīča), ماسیچه (māsīča), موسوچه (mūšūča), diminutive suffix ـچه (-ča) on Middle Persian *māsūk.
- poor, poverty-stricken, needyFrom Akkadian 𒈦𒆕𒂗 (muškēnum); compare Hebrew מִסְכֵּן (miskēn) and Arabic مِسْكِين (miskīn).
- alternative spelling of ܡܣܟܝܢܘܬܐ
- alternative spelling of ܡܣܟܝܢܘܬܐ
- poverty, want, penury, poorness, meagrenessFrom ܡܣܟܝܢܐ (meskênā, “poor”), from Akkadian 𒈦𒂗𒆕 (muškēnu [MAŠ.EN.KAK]) + the abstract noun ending -ܘܬܐ (-ūṯā). Compare Akkadian 𒈦𒂗𒆕𒌓 (/muškēnūtu/, “state of being dependent on others, poverty”), Arabic مَسْكَنَة (maskana) and Hebrew מִסְכֵּנוּת (miskēnûṯ).
Hebrew
he · 2 lemmas- to mix, produce by mixing
- a masechta/massechet (a tractate of the Mishna)
Arabic
ar · 8 lemmas- to grab, grasp, clutch, clasp, seize, take hold
- verbal noun of مَسَكَ (masaka) (form I)
- grasping, greedy, avaricious
- to seize, grasp, clutch, grip, hold
- to hold on, hold fast, clutch (بِ (bi))
- to hold together, be firmly connected, be interlocked, be cohesive
- to cling, to adhere, to stick
- a type of calendar showing the proper times to start and break the fast according to Islamic jurisprudence.Relative noun (nisba) composed of إِمْسَاك (ʔimsāk, “abstaining”) + ـِيَّة (-iyya), from the root م س ك (m s k).
Turoyo
tru · 1 lemma- poor, peasant