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ṭ ḥ n

21 lemmas · 7 languages
soundAll three consonants are regularT Deut.9.21
Themes:mill·6grind·4crush·3grinder·3miller·3
POS shape:noun·15verb·4adj·2

This root is attested across 7 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.

Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family

*ṭ-ḥ-nProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Ugaritic𐎉𐎈𐎐𐎉 𐎈 𐎐to grind, crush
Canaanite
Hebrewטָחוּןט ח ןground, shredded, milled, pulverised, scrunched
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicטְחַןט ח נto grind, to pound
Syriacܛܚܢܬܐܛ ܚ ܢgrinder, miller; baker
Assyrian NAܡܲܛܚܵܢܵܐܛ ܚ ܢmill
Arabic
Arabicطَحَّانط ح نmiller
South Semitic
Ethio-Semitic
Tigrinyaጠሓነጠ ሐ ነto grind, to crush

Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.

Ugaritic

irregular reflexug · 1 lemma
  • ṭḥnverbinferredWiktionary ↗
    to grind, crush
    From Proto-Semitic *ṭaḥan-.

Imperial Aramaic

arc · 1 lemma
  • verbinferredWiktionary ↗
    to grind, to pound
    From Proto-Semitic *ṭaḥan-.

Classical Syriac

syc · 1 lemma
  • nounattestedWiktionary ↗
    grinder, miller; baker
    From the root ܛ ܚ ܢ related to grinding.

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

aii · 1 lemma
  • maṭḥānānounattestedWiktionary ↗
    mill
    Tool noun from the verb ܛܵܚܹܢ (ṭāḥēn, “to grind”); compare Arabic مَطْحَنَة (maṭḥana) and Hebrew טַחֲנָה (takhaná).

Hebrew

he · 8 lemmas
  • takhúnadjattestedT Deut.9.21Wiktionary ↗
    ground, shredded, milled, pulverised, scrunched
  • takhanánounattestedWiktionary ↗
    mill
  • t'khinánounattestedWiktionary ↗
    grinding grain into flour
  • matkhenanounattestedWiktionary ↗
    grinder
  • takhánverbinferredWiktionary ↗
    to grind, to crush
    From Proto-Semitic *ṭaḥan-. Cognate with Akkadian 𒁲𒂊𒉡𒌝 (ṭênum) and Arabic طَحَنَ (ṭaḥana).
    2 derivations
  • bitakhónnouninferredT Eccl.9.4Wiktionary ↗
    Defective spelling of ביטחון
  • takhanát rúakhnouninferredWiktionary ↗
    windmill
  • bitakhón atsmínouninferredWiktionary ↗
    self-confidence, aplomb.
    From בִּיטָּחוֹן (bitakhón, “security”) + עַצְמִי (atsmí).

Arabic

ar · 8 lemmas
  • ṭaḥḥānnounattestedWiktionary ↗
    miller
    Occupational noun from the root ط ح ن (ṭ ḥ n).
  • ṭaḥīnadjattestedWiktionary ↗
    ground, crushed
    From the root ط ح ن (ṭ ḥ n) related to grinding.
  • ṭaḥīnnounattestedWiktionary ↗
    flour
    From the root ط ح ن (ṭ ḥ n) related to grinding.
  • ṭāḥūnnounattestedWiktionary ↗
    alternative form of طَاحُونَة (ṭāḥūna): mill
  • ṭaḥīnanounattestedWiktionary ↗
    tahini, paste made from ground sesame seeds
    From the root ط ح ن (ṭ ḥ n) related to grinding.
  • maṭḥananounattestedWiktionary ↗
    mill (the place where a miller works)
    Noun of place from the root ط ح ن (ṭ ḥ n).
  • miṭḥananounattestedWiktionary ↗
    mill, grinder (the contrivance whereby milling is accomplished)
    Tool noun from the root ط ح ن (ṭ ḥ n).
  • ṭāḥūnanounattestedWiktionary ↗
    mill

Tigrinya

ti · 1 lemma
  • ṭäḥanäverbinferredWiktionary ↗
    to grind, to crush
    From Proto-Semitic *ṭaḥan-.

Related rootsshare 2 of 3 consonants with ṭ-ḥ-n

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