ʾ ḥ d
29 lemmas · 10 languages
hamzatedContains ʾ (glottal stop) in position 1 or 3. Glottal stops assimilate or elide in many inflections, producing irregular surface forms.📜 Gen.1.5
Themes:hold·4together·3grasp·3sunday·3grip·2
POS shape:verb·8noun·6num·4adj·4adv·3numeral·3name·1
This root is attested across 10 Semitic languages in our index. Each section below shows representative lemmas; attested means a Wiktionary editor explicitly tagged the root, inferredmeans we derived it mechanically from the word's consonantal skeleton.
Etymology treehow this root diverged from Proto-Semitic through the family
*ʾ-ḥ-dProto-Semitic
West Semitic
Central Semitic
Northwest Semitic
Ugaritic𐎀𐎈𐎄𐎀 𐎈 𐎄— one
Canaanite
Hebrewאֻחַדא ח ד— to be united
Punic𐤀𐤇𐤃𐤀 𐤇 𐤃— one
Aramaic
Imperial Aramaicאחדא ח ד— to hold, take, seize
Syriacܐܚܕܐ ܚ ܕ— to take
Assyrian NAܐܵܚܹܕ݂ܐ ܚ ܕ— to hold; to grasp, grip
Western NAܐܚܕܐ ܚ ܕ— one
Arabic
Arabicأَحَدء ح د— one
South Semitic
Ethio-Semitic
Ge'ezአሐዱአ ሐ ደ— one (1)
Amharicእሑድአ ሐ ደ— Sunday
Branch structure: Huehnergard (2005), Rubin (2010). The reconstructed Proto-Semitic form is computed on the fly from the cognate set's majority reflex pattern.
Ugaritic
irregular reflexug · 2 lemmas- oneFrom Proto-Semitic *ʔaḥadum (“one”). Cognate with Arabic أَحَد (ʔaḥad) and Biblical Hebrew אֶחָד (ʾeḥāḏ).
- together
Punic
irregular reflexpun · 1 lemma- one
Imperial Aramaic
arc · 1 lemma- to hold, take, seizeFrom Proto-West Semitic *ʔaḫaḏ-. Compare Arabic أَخَذَ (ʔaḵaḏa), Hebrew אחז (aḥáz).
Classical Syriac
syc · 3 lemmas- to takeCompare Arabic أَخَذَ (ʔaḵaḏa) and Hebrew אָחַז (ʾāḥaz).
- bag, sack, pocketFrom the earlier unassimilated form ܚܕܬܐ (ḥeḏtā), itself probably from the form ܐܚܕܬܐ (ʾəḥeḏtā), from the root ܐ ܚ ܕ related to holding or containing.
- grasp, hold
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
aii · 2 lemmas- to hold; to grasp, gripFrom Aramaic אֲחַד (ʾăḥaḏ), from Proto-Semitic *ʔaḫaḏ-; compare Arabic أَخَذَ (ʔaḵaḏa), Hebrew אָחַז (akház) and Akkadian 𒆪 (aḫāzum).
- grip, grasp, holdDerived from the verb ܐܵܚܹܕ݂ (āḥēḏ, “to hold, contain”).
Hebrew
he · 8 lemmas- to be united
- uniform
- to unite (to come or bring together as one)
- Union.Gerund of the verb איחד / אִחֵד (ikhéd, “to unite”)
- to, standardize, unify
- To unite: to come together as one.
- united, unified
- oneFrom Proto-Semitic *ʔaḥad-.
Arabic
ar · 8 lemmas- oneRelated to the root و ح د (w ḥ d) of وَاحِد (wāḥid, “one”), from Proto-Semitic *ʾaḥad-. Cognate with Hebrew אֶחָד (ekhád, “one”).
- oneRelated to the root و ح د (w ḥ d) of وَاحِد (wāḥid, “one”), from Proto-Semitic *ʾaḥad-. Cognate with Hebrew אֶחָד (ekhád, “one”).
- Sundayالْـ (al-) + أَحَد (ʔaḥad), literally “the one”, as a phono-semantic matching of Classical Syriac ܚܰܕ ܒܫܱܒܴ݁ܐ (ḥaḏ bəšabbā, literally “the one of the week”). Displaced أَوْل (ʔawl).
- twenty-oneأَحَد (ʔaḥad, “one”) + وَ (wa-, “and”) + عِشْرُون (ʕišrūn, “twenty”).
- at that Sunday
- at that Monday
- masculine plural of وَاحِد (wāḥid)
Ge'ez
gez · 1 lemma- one (1)From Proto-Semitic *ʾaḥad-. Cognates include Tigrinya ሓደ (ḥadä), Arabic وَاحِد (wāḥid) and Hebrew אחד (ekhad).
Amharic
am · 1 lemma- Sunday
Western Neo-Aramaic
amw · 2 lemmas- one